Unit 3: Biological and Social Hazards
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Questions and Answers

What is one primary way infectious diseases can be transmitted between humans?

  • Touching surfaces only
  • Inhaling expelled droplets (correct)
  • Drinking untreated water
  • Eating contaminated food

    • Which of the following is considered a biological hazard?

  • Radiation exposure
  • Hazardous waste
  • Pathogen (correct)
  • Pollution

    • What type of infectious disease causes the highest number of deaths globally?

  • Lower respiratory infections (correct)
  • Influenza
  • Tuberculosis
  • Diarrheal diseases

    • How can tuberculosis (TB) be transmitted?

    <p>Through droplets in the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major factor can lead to changes in the health of a species?

    <p>Minor environmental changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method through which infectious diseases are typically spread?

    <p>Eating fresh fruits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which infectious disease can be contracted through contact with an infected person's body fluids?

    <p>HIV/AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding pathogens in terms of public health?

    <p>They are the leading cause of death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an emerging disease?

    <p>A disease first identified in humans that spreads rapidly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way that human activities can lead to the emergence of diseases?

    <p>Cutting down forests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What facilitates the spread of emerging diseases in human populations?

    <p>Increased human mobility and environmental changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does antibiotic resistance occur within a pathogen population?

    <p>Some pathogens are naturally resistant or develop resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increased human mobility impact disease spread?

    <p>It allows pathogens to travel with people across regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of emerging diseases?

    <p>Vaccines for the disease are widely available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a main task of the World Health Organization (WHO)?

    <p>Coordinating global responses to health emergencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary causes of emerging infectious diseases?

    <p>Environmental changes, increased mobility, and antibiotic resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may happen as a result of minor environmental changes affecting a species' health?

    <p>Emerging diseases may arise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily contributes to the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens?

    <p>Inappropriate use of antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about environmental impacts is true?

    <p>Minor changes in the environment can significantly impact the spread of diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do pathogens typically remain contained within their environment?

    <p>Due to lack of contact with humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential result of human mobility regarding infectious diseases?

    <p>It increases the speed at which diseases can spread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes emerging diseases from more established diseases?

    <p>Established diseases have known treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can we determine if a disease is emerging or non-emerging?

    <p>By evaluating the rate of spread and public resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is monitoring the health of species important in relation to environmental changes?

    <p>It can identify potential emerging diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Unit 3: Humans and the Environment

    • Lesson 9.2: Biological and social hazards
    • Pollutants impact organisms, including humans, directly and indirectly.

    Vocabulary

    • Infectious disease
    • Emerging disease
    • Environmental Health
    • Pathogen
    • Hazard

    Teacher Talk: Summary (Infectious Diseases)

    • Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens (e.g., viruses, bacteria).
    • Globally, infectious diseases are a leading cause of death (2016 data).
    • Diseases like lower respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, and tuberculosis are among the top 10 causes of death worldwide.
    • Diseases can spread directly from person-to-person through various mechanisms (e.g., touching, bodily fluids, breathing in droplets).
    • HIV (causing AIDS) transmits through infected blood and bodily fluids.
    • Tuberculosis (TB) spreads via airborne droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks, and spits.

    Teacher Talk: Summary (The Swiss Cheese Model for Infectious Disease)

    • Prevention strategies (e.g., vaccinations, handwashing, safe food handling, cleaning and disinfecting) can act as barriers to disease spread.

    Explore (Questions and Guided Questions)

    • Question 1: Write an essay on avoiding infectious diseases, including symptoms and prevention.
    • Question 2: Provide examples of infectious diseases with devastating impacts.
    • Question 3: Write an essay on the critical importance of clean water sources in reducing infectious disease.

    Vocabulary (Emerging Diseases)

    • Infectious disease
    • Emerging disease
    • Environmental Health
    • Pathogen
    • Hazard

    Teacher Talk: Summary (Emerging Diseases)

    • Emerging diseases are those that appear suddenly in human populations or spread rapidly, often due to lack of resistance or available vaccines.
    • Factors contributing to emerging diseases include increased human mobility, antibiotic resistance, and environmental changes.

    Teacher Talk: Summary (Increasing Mobility)

    • Disease transmission can happen quickly when people and animals move across geographical areas carrying pathogens.

    Teacher Talk: Summary (Antibiotic Resistance)

    • Some diseases, like tuberculosis, are becoming resistant to antibiotics meaning that they can continue to survive and spread even in the presence of medication meant to eliminate them.

    Teacher Talk: Summary (A Changing Environment)

    • Alterations to environments (e.g., deforestation) can expose populations to pathogens previously isolated.

    Vocabulary (Social Hazards)

    • Infectious disease
    • Emerging disease
    • Environmental Health
    • Pathogen
    • Hazard

    Teacher Talk: Summary (Social Hazards)

    • Social hazards (e.g., smoking, exposure to harmful substances, working with harmful chemicals) impact populations.

    Teacher Talk: Summary (Examples of Specific Social Hazards)

    • Slips, trips, and falls
    • Exposure to harmful substances
    • Confined spaces
    • Electricity
    • Extreme temperatures
    • Toxic materials

    Explore (Questions and Performance Tasks)

    • Questions on prioritizing actions and creating plans to manage and reduce the spread of infectious diseases. Include specific examples of immediate measures.
    • Tasks of Health Coordinator
    • Prioritizing issues and actions for substance abuse and mental health crises.
    • Creating awareness plans for social hazards.

    Elaborate (Connection to Real Life)

    • Review the UAE's response to the COVID-19 outbreak for strengths and weaknesses.

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    Description

    Explore how pollutants and infectious diseases affect humans and the environment in this quiz. Understand key concepts like pathogens, environmental health, and how diseases spread. This quiz will deepen your insights into the critical links between our health and the environment.

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