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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of the Environmental Conservation Law?
What is the primary focus of the Environmental Conservation Law?
Which definition pertains specifically to the balance of nature as described in the law?
Which definition pertains specifically to the balance of nature as described in the law?
What does 'Environmental Audit' include as a reaction to various possible risks?
What does 'Environmental Audit' include as a reaction to various possible risks?
How is the term 'Environment' defined within the law?
How is the term 'Environment' defined within the law?
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What is the purpose of Environmental Quality Standards according to the law?
What is the purpose of Environmental Quality Standards according to the law?
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What is the primary purpose of the Environmental Management Fund established by the Ministry?
What is the primary purpose of the Environmental Management Fund established by the Ministry?
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What action must the Committee take if it becomes aware of an environmental emergency?
What action must the Committee take if it becomes aware of an environmental emergency?
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Which of the following is not one of the environmental quality standards that the Ministry may stipulate?
Which of the following is not one of the environmental quality standards that the Ministry may stipulate?
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What may occur if a government department has a quality standard that exceeds the one established by the Ministry?
What may occur if a government department has a quality standard that exceeds the one established by the Ministry?
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Who must approve the environmental quality standards stipulated by the Ministry?
Who must approve the environmental quality standards stipulated by the Ministry?
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What is the Ministry allowed to do in relation to environmental quality standards?
What is the Ministry allowed to do in relation to environmental quality standards?
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In the case of a reported environmental emergency, who carries out necessary measures?
In the case of a reported environmental emergency, who carries out necessary measures?
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Which of these is NOT included in the list of possible environmental quality standards?
Which of these is NOT included in the list of possible environmental quality standards?
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What is one of the primary roles of the Ministry in managing the urban environment?
What is one of the primary roles of the Ministry in managing the urban environment?
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Which of the following is NOT a focus area for pollution control by the Ministry?
Which of the following is NOT a focus area for pollution control by the Ministry?
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What type of resources must be managed in accordance with the guidance of the Union Government and the Committee?
What type of resources must be managed in accordance with the guidance of the Union Government and the Committee?
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Which category is likely to require prior permission from the Ministry due to its potential environmental impact?
Which category is likely to require prior permission from the Ministry due to its potential environmental impact?
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In the context of resource management, which resource is categorized under fisheries resources?
In the context of resource management, which resource is categorized under fisheries resources?
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Which statement about the Ministry’s role in cultural heritage conservation is true?
Which statement about the Ministry’s role in cultural heritage conservation is true?
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Which of the following resources is specifically listed as needing sustainable management?
Which of the following resources is specifically listed as needing sustainable management?
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What technology-related service does the Ministry provide to government organizations?
What technology-related service does the Ministry provide to government organizations?
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What action is required from a person causing a point source of pollution?
What action is required from a person causing a point source of pollution?
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Which of the following responsibilities is assigned to the owner or occupier of a business causing pollution?
Which of the following responsibilities is assigned to the owner or occupier of a business causing pollution?
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In what scenario can a business owner not install an on-site facility for pollution control?
In what scenario can a business owner not install an on-site facility for pollution control?
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Which of the following is NOT monitored by the Ministry under the outlined responsibilities?
Which of the following is NOT monitored by the Ministry under the outlined responsibilities?
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What must organizations in the industrial estate contribute for environmental conservation?
What must organizations in the industrial estate contribute for environmental conservation?
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What is NOT a responsibility of the Ministry under the guidance of the Committee?
What is NOT a responsibility of the Ministry under the guidance of the Committee?
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What might be included in the stipulated environmental quality standards?
What might be included in the stipulated environmental quality standards?
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What is one of the primary objectives of the Law regarding environmental conservation?
What is one of the primary objectives of the Law regarding environmental conservation?
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How are businesses benefiting from special economic zones expected to participate in environmental conservation?
How are businesses benefiting from special economic zones expected to participate in environmental conservation?
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Which objective focuses on the future sustainability of natural and cultural heritage?
Which objective focuses on the future sustainability of natural and cultural heritage?
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What role does the Environmental Conservation Committee have according to the Law?
What role does the Environmental Conservation Committee have according to the Law?
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Which of the following is an objective related to public engagement?
Which of the following is an objective related to public engagement?
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What is a goal related to ecosystems mentioned in the objectives?
What is a goal related to ecosystems mentioned in the objectives?
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Which of these is NOT a part of the formation of the Environmental Conservation Committee?
Which of these is NOT a part of the formation of the Environmental Conservation Committee?
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What is indicated about cooperation in environmental conservation?
What is indicated about cooperation in environmental conservation?
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Which of these duties is associated with the Environmental Conservation Committee?
Which of these duties is associated with the Environmental Conservation Committee?
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Study Notes
Environmental Conservation Law of Myanmar
- The Republic of the Union of Myanmar enacted the Environmental Conservation Law in 2012.
- The law establishes the Environmental Conservation Committee (ECC) under the Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry.
- The ECC oversees the implementation of the law to conserve the environment of Myanmar.
- The law defines key terms related to environmental protection:
- Environment: Encompasses physical factors, biological factors, and cultural factors. It's a complex interplay of these elements.
- Environmental Quality: Focuses on the balance of nature, encompassing human-made objects, animals, plants, and natural resources. It emphasizes sustainability for both nature and humans.
- Environmental Quality Standard: Outlines parameters for enhancing and conserving environmental quality, providing specific guidelines for different situations.
- Environmental Audit: A periodic and documented evaluation process designed to assess compliance with environmental regulations, the effectiveness of environmental management systems, and potential environmental risks.
Objectives of the Law
- This legislation aims to support the implementation of the Myanmar National Environmental Policy. It lays the foundation for integrating environmental conservation into sustainable development.
- The law endeavors to create a healthy and clean environment, while also focusing on conserving natural and cultural heritage for current and future generations.
- The law seeks to restore ecosystems that are on the path of degradation and disappearance.
- The law promotes a sustainable approach to managing and utilizing natural resources, aiming to reduce their loss and ensure their ongoing benefits.
- The law actively encourages public awareness and collaboration, promoting environmental education and promoting international, regional, and bilateral cooperation in environmental conservation efforts.
The Environmental Conservation Committee (ECC)
- The ECC plays a crucial role in ensuring the effectiveness of environmental protection.
- The Union Government appoints a Union Minister as the Chairman of the ECC.
- The ECC also includes members with expertise in environmental conservation.
- The Union Government establishes the functions and duties of the ECC to effectively implement the law's objectives.
### Environmental Emergencies
- The law clearly outlines procedures for responding to environmental emergencies.
- If the ECC becomes aware of an impending or actual environmental emergency, they must immediately inform the Union Government to declare the event.
- The ECC, the Ministry, and the Department will take the necessary measures to address the emergency.
Environmental Quality Standards
- The Ministry, with the approval of the Union Government and the ECC, sets environmental quality standards.
- These standards cover areas such as:
- Surface water quality standards for rivers, streams, canals, lakes, and other water sources.
- Water quality standards for coastal and estuarine areas.
- Underground water quality standards.
- Atmospheric quality standards.
- Noise and vibration standards.
- Emission standards.
- Effluent standards.
- Solid waste standards.
- Other environmental quality standards as determined by the Union Government.
Prior Permission for Certain Activities
- The Ministry, with the approval of the Union Government, can specify business categories, workplaces, or factories whose operations potentially impact environmental quality.
- These businesses/facilities need to obtain prior permission before commencing operations.
- The Ministry can also establish specific requirements and criteria for obtaining this environmental clearance.
Environmental Conservation Actions
- The Ministry, guided by the ECC, is responsible for maintaining a comprehensive monitoring system and implementing environmental conservation measures.
- These measures include:
- Monitoring the use of agrochemicals with significant environmental impacts.
- Overseeing the transport, storage, use, treatment, and disposal of pollutants and hazardous substances in industries.
- Implementing waste disposal and sanitation works.
- Managing development and construction projects to minimize environmental harm.
Management of Urban Environment
- The law recognizes the importance of managing urban environments, which are often susceptible to pollution.
- The Ministry provides guidance and support to government departments, organizations, private entities, and individuals.
- They work together to address urban environmental challenges, including:
- Land use planning and management.
- Managing the construction industry in key urban centers.
- Housing settlement management.
- Waste management.
- Pollution control for air, water, land, and noise.
Natural Resource Management
- The law aims to ensure the sustainable use and preservation of natural resources and ecosystems.
- Relevant government departments and organizations are required to implement conservation, management, and enhancement measures for the following resources:
- Forest resources.
- Land resources.
- Freshwater resources.
- Mineral resources.
- Agricultural resources.
- Fisheries resources.
- Marine resources.
- Natural ecosystems.
- Natural areas, wildlife, plants, and biodiversity.
Cultural Heritage Protection
- The Ministry is required to cooperate with related government departments to protect cultural heritage sites, monuments, and natural areas.
- They are responsible for ensuring the perpetual existence of these sites.
- The Ministry also provides technical assistance to government agencies involved in managing natural and cultural heritage.
### Core Goal: Sustainability
- This law emphasizes integrating sustainable approaches into environmental protection and resource management.
- It encourages a blend of human actions and nature conservation to achieve long-term ecological well-being.
- The law's objective is to ensure that future generations can still enjoy a healthy and thriving environment.
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Description
Explore the key provisions of the Environmental Conservation Law of Myanmar enacted in 2012. This quiz covers the roles of the Environmental Conservation Committee and definitions crucial to understanding environmental protection. Test your knowledge on environmental quality, standards, and audits.
