Environmental Animal Health Management Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of implementing various husbandry practices on a farm?

  • To enhance crop production
  • To reduce disease risk to animals (correct)
  • To improve the aesthetics of the farm
  • To increase livestock numbers

    • Which measure is essential for bio-security on a farm?

  • Minimizing the number of fences
  • Increasing the variety of animal species
  • Controlling the movement of animals and people (correct)
  • Encouraging maximum visitor access

    • What is an effect of overcrowding on animal health?

  • Increased risk of infection (correct)
  • Increased food availability
  • Decreased stress levels
  • Improved grazing land access

    • Why is fencing important in animal health management?

    <p>To prevent animal mixing and disease spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should farmers do to mitigate the risks of disease transmission associated with habitats?

    <p>Avoid areas associated with high disease risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices can help improve on-farm bio-security?

    <p>Washing and cleaning of animals regularly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of prolonged journeys for animals?

    <p>Increased stress leading to infection risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered a preventative measure in general husbandry practices?

    <p>Encouraging interactions between different farms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to minimize the risk of disease among farm animals?

    <p>Isolating new animals before introduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT important in the on-farm bio-security measures?

    <p>The complexity of the measures implemented.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'fodder' refer to?

    <p>Food specifically provided to supplement grazing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice can improve the quality of pasture?

    <p>Using drainage to manage water levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the nutritional status of an animal crucial?

    <p>It influences productivity and disease resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect makes total bio-security difficult to achieve?

    <p>The high costs associated with implementing it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plants can be used as fodder crops?

    <p>A variety of soil-enriching species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best summarizes the purpose of bio-security on farms?

    <p>To implement practices that reduce disease introduction and spread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of Environmental Animal Health Management?

    <p>Compiling and analyzing information relevant to animal health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the primary stakeholders involved in Environmental Animal Health Management?

    <p>Planners, policy makers, producers, and consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geographical area is primarily targeted by the Sub-Regional Environmental Animal Health Management Initiative?

    <p>South East Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is associated with the authors of the technical report on Environmental Animal Health Management?

    <p>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main outcomes expected from the Environmental Animal Health Management Initiative?

    <p>Enhanced stakeholder collaboration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of publication is the report primarily classified as?

    <p>Technical report</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many citations did the publication receive according to the statistics provided?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of animal management is crucial for enhancing smallholder production?

    <p>Improving information dissemination among stakeholders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of using cattle and buffalo dung as fertilizer in rice fields regarding the parasite lifecycle?

    <p>It allows the parasite to infect snails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one recommended measure to control Fasciolosis in cattle?

    <p>Expose the lower third of rice stalks to sunlight before feeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which regions is Surra, a blood borne parasitic disease, primarily a concern?

    <p>Africa, Asia, and South America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of follow-up field investigations at the provincial level?

    <p>To verify the accuracy of predictions through sampling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to infected animals suffering from Fasciolosis compared to healthy animals?

    <p>They achieve a lower final weight and size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do policies differ from laws in the context of organizational decision-making?

    <p>Policies guide decisions, while laws enforce specific requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do farmers in regions affected by Fasciolosis often neglect the disease?

    <p>Because it is considered normal due to the poor condition of animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What elements should disease control policy formulation be based on?

    <p>Epidemiology, risk assessment, and economic analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of duck or chicken manure when mixed with cattle dung for rice field fertilization?

    <p>It decreases the likelihood of parasite infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Policy Briefs in the policy formulation process?

    <p>They summarize knowledge to inform decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor contributing to the increased demand for animal products in South East Asia?

    <p>Rapid economic development and urbanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key symptom of infected animals due to the impact of Fasciolosis?

    <p>Reduced working capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the condition of infected animals typically compare with healthy ones in agricultural regions?

    <p>Infected animals exhibit signs of anemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is animal production and health legislation considered necessary?

    <p>To maintain food safety, control diseases, and minimize environmental harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the process of disease control policy formulation?

    <p>Objective evidence of disease distributions and frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if the increasing demand for animal products is not met by local production?

    <p>Imports will fill the gap created by local shortages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the work by Gray et al. (2008)?

    <p>Control of liver fluke in ruminants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is discussed in relation to controlling African Trypanosomiasis?

    <p>Development of bait technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who contributed to the strategic review regarding traps and targets for tsetse control?

    <p>Kuzoe and Schofield</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consequence of sporadic outbreaks of Surra in the Philippines?

    <p>Economic burden on farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What research method did Wint (2007) employ in analyzing animal disease distribution?

    <p>Spatial analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is specifically mentioned alongside its impact on ruminant production?

    <p>Liver fluke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the publication by Vale and Torr (2004)?

    <p>Tsetse control technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following institutions is associated with the publication reviewing Surra in the Philippines?

    <p>College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Southern Mindanao</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Animal Husbandry and Biosecurity

    • Husbandry practices are implemented to improve animal health, welfare, and productivity on a farm.
    • Biosecurity measures protect animal populations from disease outbreaks. A critical measure is proper sanitation and hygiene practices to prevent the spread of pathogens.
    • Overcrowding can stress animals, leading to weakened immune systems and making them more susceptible to diseases.
    • Fencing is important for animal health management. It helps prevent the spread of diseases by keeping animals separated from each other and from wild animals, reducing the risk of contact and transmission.
    • Farmers should be aware of the diseases associated with specific habitats and the potential for disease transmission.
    • Practices that improve biosecurity on-farm include:
      • Vaccination: Protecting animals from specific diseases
      • Quarantine: Isolating new animals to prevent the spread of diseases
      • Pest control: Reducing the presence of disease-carrying insects and animals
      • Proper sanitation and hygiene: Cleaning and disinfecting living areas, feed and water containers, and equipment
    • Prolonged journeys can stress animals, weakening their immune systems and increasing susceptibility to diseases.
    • Preventative measures in general husbandry practices focus on preventing diseases. Treatment is not considered a preventative measure.
    • Minimizing disease risk:
      • Early detection and prompt treatment of sick animals.
      • Good hygiene and sanitation to reduce the spread of harmful organisms.
      • Vaccinations for common illnesses, and regular parasite control.
    • On-farm biosecurity measures focus on protecting animals from diseases. Animal breeding is not a direct factor in bio-security measures; however, genetic diversity plays a role in resilience to diseases.
    • Fodder refers to any type of plant material used as feed for livestock.
    • Pasture quality can be improved through proper fertilization, weed control, and rotational grazing.
    • Animal nutritional status is essential because it affects their overall health and immune response.
    • Total bio-security is difficult to achieve due to the complex interplay of factors – including animal movement, environmental conditions, and human practices – that influence disease transmission.
    • Fodder crops: Legumes (alfalfa, clover), grasses (ryegrass, fescue), and browse (trees and shrubs)
    • The purpose of biosecurity on farms is to protect animals from diseases and prevent the spread of diseases within and between farms.

    Environmental Animal Health Management

    • Environmental Animal Health Management (EAHM) focuses on understanding and managing the relationship between animal health, the environment, and human activities.
    • The primary stakeholders involved in EAHM include:
      • Farmers and livestock producers
      • Veterinarians and animal health experts
      • Government agencies
      • Researchers
      • Community members
    • The Sub-Regional Environmental Animal Health Management Initiative primarily targets the Southeast Asian region.
    • The authors of the technical report on EAHM are associated with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations.
    • One key outcome expected from the EAHM Initiative is the strengthening of national animal health systems and the control of zoonotic diseases.
    • The report is classified as a Technical Report, and it has received 261 citations.

    Animal Production and Disease Control

    • Animal production systems that incorporate sound animal management practices are crucial for enhancing smallholder production, particularly in developing countries.

    • The use of cattle and buffalo dung as fertilizer in rice fields can contribute to the spread of parasitic diseases. This is because the parasite's lifecycle can be completed in the rice paddy environment.

    • Fasciolosis in cattle can be controlled through proper grazing management, regular deworming, and the use of appropriate anthelmintic drugs.

    • Surra, a blood-borne parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma evansi, is a significant concern in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and South America.

    • Follow-up field investigations at the provincial level are conducted to help identify specific areas where disease outbreaks are more frequent, understand the causes of outbreaks, and develop targeted control strategies.

    • Animals suffering from Fasciolosis generally have a lower production efficiency compared to healthy animals. They may also experience weight loss, anemia, and reduced milk production.

    • Policies are general guidelines or principles, while laws are legally binding rules. Policies can be implemented to guide the development of laws.

    • Farmers in areas affected by Fasciolosis often neglect the disease due to factors such as:

      • A lack of awareness about the disease and its impact.
      • Limited access to veterinary services.
      • Financial constraints.

    • Disease control policy formulation should be based on:

      • Epidemiological data: Understanding the disease's prevalence and distribution.
      • Biological factors: Understanding how the disease spreads and its impact on animals.
      • Socioeconomic factors: Considering the economic impact of the disease and the available resources for control.
      • Environmental factors: Understanding how the environment influences disease transmission.

    • Duck or chicken manure mixed with cattle dung for rice field fertilization can reduce the parasite's lifecycle by competing with the development of parasite larvae.

    • Policy briefs provide condensed and accessible information on important policy issues, aiding in the policy formulation process.

    • The increasing demand for animal products in Southeast Asia is driven by factors like:

      • Population growth.
      • Rising incomes.
      • Changing dietary preferences.

    • A key symptom of animals infected with Fasciolosis is anemia, leading to weakness and reduced productivity.

    • Animals infected with Fasciolosis are typically in poorer health than healthy animals, often exhibiting weight loss, reduced milk production, and lethargy.

    • Legislation concerning animal production and health is considered necessary for:

      • Protecting animal health and welfare.
      • Ensuring safe and healthy animal products for consumers.
      • Preventing the spread of diseases.

    • The process of disease control policy formulation should include stakeholder engagement to ensure policies are practical and effective.

    • If the increasing demand for animal products is not met by local production, it can lead to increased reliance on imports, potentially causing food security issues.

    African Trypanosomiasis

    • Gray et al. (2008) focused on analyzing the distribution of African trypanosomiasis and its impact on livestock production.
    • Controlling the disease in livestock populations involves integrated pest management strategies such as:
      • Tsetse fly control: Reducing tsetse fly populations through strategies like insecticide spraying, traps and targets.
      • Drug treatment: Using trypanocides to kill trypanosomes in infected animals.
      • Vector-resistant livestock: Breeding livestock that are less susceptible to tsetse fly bites.
    • The strategic review of traps and targets for tsetse control was contributed to by a team of researchers including Dr. G.J. Vale and Dr. S.J. Torr.
    • Sporadic outbreaks of Surra in the Philippines can lead to significant economic losses for livestock producers and the potential spread of the disease to other regions.
    • Wint (2007) employed spatial analysis techniques to analyze animal disease distribution patterns, identifying regions at higher risk.
    • African Trypanosomiasis is specifically mentioned alongside its impact on ruminant production.
    • The publication by Vale and Torr (2004) focused on the evaluation of tsetse traps and targets for controlling African trypanosomiasis.
    • The publication reviewing Surra in the Philippines is associated with the University of the Philippines Los Baños.

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    Environmental Animal Health Management (EAHM) Policy Brief 2010 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the principles of Environmental Animal Health Management (EAHM). This quiz covers key factors affecting animal health and welfare, biosecurity practices, and sustainable agricultural development, particularly in South East Asia. Engage with the practices that can help mitigate disease risk and enhance farm sustainability.

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