40 Questions
What is one of the elements recognized in the ASEAN Community Blueprints 2025 for a healthy environment?
Non-toxic environments
Which of the following is a stressor to health in the local environment?
Hazardous chemicals
What is the impact of corruption on health outcomes?
Worsens health outcomes
What is a key aspect of transformative social policies in promoting health and well-being?
Supporting the management of structural transformations
What is one of the effects of the pandemic in Myanmar, according to the text?
The military government has used the pandemic to consolidate power and crush opposition
What is the right recognized in the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration (2012) related to the environment?
The right to a safe, clean and sustainable environment
What is the outcome of the government's response to the pandemic in Malaysia, according to the text?
The PM and his entire cabinet have resigned
What is a determinant of health, according to the text?
Public policy
What is the main focus of the Human Development Index (HDI) in measuring a country's well-being?
The ability to lead a long and healthy life, acquire knowledge, and achieve a decent standard of living
What is one of the most significant development issues in the ASEAN region?
Poverty
How does poverty affect health, according to the content?
By forcing people into precarious situations that increase their health risks
What is an example of the globalization of health care and inputs?
Medical tourism
What is one way that globalization affects health, according to the content?
It globalizes health risks
What is an example of technological progress in healthcare due to increased information flows?
Telemedicine and eHealth
Which of the following international agreements recognizes the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health?
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
What is the primary focus of the ASEAN post-2015 Health Development Agenda?
Achieving maximal health potential through healthy lifestyle and inclusive development
What is the relationship between poverty and health, according to the content?
Poverty limits access to health services and increases health risks
What are social determinants of health?
Non-medical factors that influence health outcomes
What is a consequence of globalization in the ASEAN region, according to the content?
Increased access to medical goods and services
Which of the following is a key principle of the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration?
Every person has the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical, mental and reproductive health
What is the role of the State in promoting health, according to the Constitution of the Philippines?
To protect and promote the right to health of the people
What is the impact of economic policies on health outcomes?
Economic policies shape the conditions of daily life and influence health outcomes
What is the relationship between globalization and health?
Globalization can have both positive and negative impacts on health outcomes
What is the role of the environment in shaping health outcomes?
The environment can shape health outcomes through factors such as air and water quality
What is the primary reason why health is considered a crucial aspect of sustainable development?
It is a means to economic development
What was the average neonatal mortality rate in ASEAN in 2018?
15 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births
What percentage of births in the ASEAN region were attended to by skilled health personnel in 2018?
83.3%
What is the primary indicator of health and development in the ASEAN region?
Maternal mortality ratio
What is the average number of adolescent births per 1,000 females aged 15-19 years in ASEAN in 2016?
37.6
What is the primary reason why health is affected by development processes and issues?
Development processes and issues create social inequality that affects health
What is the approximate number of child deaths per 1,000 live births in ASEAN from 2016 to 2018?
30
What is the maternal mortality ratio in ASEAN in 2016?
235 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
What is the relationship between health and economic development?
There is a strong positive correlation between health and economic development
What is the incidence rate of tuberculosis in the AMS in 2018?
236 cases per 100,000 population
What is the primary indicator of development?
Health
What is the death rate due to road traffic injuries in the region?
13.7 deaths per 100,000 population
What percentage of the population 15 years old and over in ASEAN were users of tobacco in 2016?
25.4% of the population
What is the relationship between development processes and health?
Development processes affect health
What is the incidence of malaria in the region?
0.5 per 1,000 population
Why is health considered an intrinsic 'good'?
Because it is a fundamental human right
Study Notes
Environment and Health
- Local environment, impacted by development processes, affects health
- Ideal environment: clean air and water, fertile land for food production, energy and material inputs, disaster-resilient infrastructure, and ample recreational spaces
- Stressors: pollution, noise, hazardous chemicals, unsafe drinking water, and climate change-linked disasters
ASEAN Human Rights Declaration
- Recognizes the right to a safe, clean, and sustainable environment (2012)
Health and Development
- Development processes and issues affect health
- Transformative social policies promote health and well-being
- Public policy is a determinant of health
- Well-designed social policies can support the management of structural transformations in ways that enhance welfare, share benefits, and create access to essential goods and services for all
The Right to Health
- Enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental right of every human being (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966)
- ASEAN Human Rights Declaration (2012) recognizes the right to the highest attainable standard of physical, mental, and reproductive health
- The Constitution of the Philippines (1987) protects and promotes the right to health of the people
Social Determinants of Health
- Non-medical factors that influence health outcomes
- Conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age
- Examples: economic policies and systems, development agendas, social norms, social policies, and political systems
ASEAN Post-2015 Health Development Agenda
- Mission: promote a healthy and caring ASEAN Community, where people achieve maximal health potential through healthy lifestyle, universal access to quality healthcare, and financial risk protection
Health and Economic Development
- Human development index (HDI) measures well-being, focusing on life expectancy, education, and gross national income per capita
- Poverty remains a significant development issue in ASEAN, affecting health through lack of economic resources and limited access to healthcare
- Globalization processes change the nature of health, with increased access to medical goods and services, technological progress, and globalized health risks
Health Indicators
- Incidence rate of tuberculosis in ASEAN: 236 cases per 100,000 population (2018)
- Incidence of malaria: generally low, at about 0.5 per 1,000 population (2016-2018)
- Death rates due to road traffic injuries: 13.7 deaths per 100,000 population (2018)
- Tobacco use: 25.4% of population 15 years old and over in ASEAN (2016)
- Maternal mortality ratio: 235 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births (2016)
- Births attended by skilled health personnel: 83.3% of births in ASEAN (2018)
- Under-5 mortality rate: about 30 out of 1,000 children (2016-2018)
- Neonatal mortality rate: about 15 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births (2018)
- Adolescent births: 37.6 per 1,000 females aged 15-19 years in ASEAN (2016)
This quiz explores the impact of local environment on health, including the effects of development processes like rapid urbanization, and the importance of clean air and water, fertile land, and disaster resilient infrastructures.
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