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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the natural environment in which an organism lives, including living and non-living factors?
What are the non-living components of the environment?
What is the specific role an organism plays in its environment?
What is the process by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment?
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What is an example of a mutualism?
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What is the term for the benefits provided by functioning ecosystems?
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What is an example of a provisioning service?
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What is an example of a regulating service?
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What is an example of a cultural service?
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Study Notes
Environment and Life
Habitat
- A habitat is the natural environment in which an organism lives, including living and non-living factors
- Examples of habitats: deserts, rainforests, oceans, grasslands, and more
Ecological Niche
- An ecological niche is the specific role an organism plays in its environment
- Includes the organism's diet, predators, prey, and interactions with other species
Environmental Factors
- Abiotic factors: non-living components of the environment, such as:
- Temperature
- Light
- Water
- Soil
- Air
- Biotic factors: living components of the environment, such as:
- Other organisms
- Predators
- Prey
- Competitors
- Symbionts
Adaptation
- The process by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment
- Examples of adaptations:
- Desert plants with deep roots to access water
- Arctic animals with thick fur to conserve heat
- Camouflage to avoid predators
Interdependence
- The relationships between different species in an ecosystem
- Examples of interdependence:
- Mutualism: clownfish and sea anemone
- Commensalism: remora fish and sharks
- Parasitism: tapeworms and their hosts
Ecosystem Services
- The benefits provided by functioning ecosystems, including:
- Provisioning services: food, water, and other resources
- Regulating services: climate regulation, pollination, and pest control
- Cultural services: recreation, tourism, and spiritual values
- Supporting services: nutrient cycling, soil formation, and primary production
Environment and Life
Habitat
- Natural environment in which an organism lives, including living and non-living factors
- Examples: deserts, rainforests, oceans, grasslands, and more
Ecological Niche
- Specific role an organism plays in its environment
- Includes: diet, predators, prey, and interactions with other species
Environmental Factors
Abiotic Factors
- Non-living components of the environment
- Examples: temperature, light, water, soil, air
Biotic Factors
- Living components of the environment
- Examples: other organisms, predators, prey, competitors, symbionts
Adaptation
- Process by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment
- Examples: desert plants with deep roots, Arctic animals with thick fur, camouflage to avoid predators
Interdependence
- Relationships between different species in an ecosystem
- Examples: mutualism (clownfish and sea anemone), commensalism (remora fish and sharks), parasitism (tapeworms and hosts)
Ecosystem Services
- Benefits provided by functioning ecosystems
Provisioning Services
- Food, water, and other resources
Regulating Services
- Climate regulation, pollination, pest control
Cultural Services
- Recreation, tourism, spiritual values
Supporting Services
- Nutrient cycling, soil formation, primary production
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Description
Explore the natural environment and ecological roles of organisms, including habitats, niches, and environmental factors.
