8 Bovine Enucleation

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Questions and Answers

What anatomical structures remain in place following an enucleation procedure in cattle?

The bones of the orbit.
The lacrimal gland and optic nerve.
The extraocular muscles, lacrimal gland, and optic nerve. (correct)
The sclera and conjunctiva.

In what scenario would removing the eye in cattle NOT be recommended?

A painful ruptured globe.
Cancer eye that has invaded the bony orbit. (correct)
Exophthalmos due to retrobulbar abscess.
Cancer eye beyond conservative measures.

Which local anesthesia technique targets the zygomatic branch or the auriculopalpebral nerve on the zygomatic arch?

Auriculopalpebral nerve block. (correct)
Subconjunctival injection.
Peterson block.
4 point retrobulbar block.

What does 'exenteration' of the eye socket in cattle involve?

Removal of the eyeball and all orbital contents. (C) Signup and view all the answers

For what reason would a veterinarian perform an enucleation in cattle?

To manage a painful, non-functional eye. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During the surgical approach to enucleation, which step is LEAST recommended?

Ligating blood supply. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial step in the transpalpebral surgical approach for bovine enucleation?

Suturing the eyelids closed. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Following complete dissection of the globe, what is the next surgical step?

Transecting the optic nerve and blood supply. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is enucleation performed in cattle?

To alleviate painful, non-functional eye conditions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition indicates that enucleation is NOT the recommended course of action?

Resolving corneal ulcer. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of using the Ford interlocking suture pattern when closing the skin during enucleation?

To achieve strong apposition of the skin edges and even distribution of tension. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve must be blocked to prevent blepharospasm during enucleation?

Auriculopalpebral nerve. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario is enucleation the MOST appropriate treatment option?

A painful, blind eye secondary to trauma. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does evisceration differ from enucleation?

Evisceration only removes the contents of the eye, leaving the sclera intact, while enucleation removes the entire eye. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of local anesthetic block requires injecting a significant volume of anesthetic around the optic nerve?

Four-point retrobulbar block. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of clipping the eyelids and skin around the eye prior to enucleation?

To reduce the risk of infection by removing potential contaminants. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Peterson nerve block target in bovine enucleation?

The nerves exiting the foramen orbitorotundum. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most critical consideration in determining whether to proceed with enucleation?

Whether the lesion has invaded surrounding bone. (B) Signup and view all the answers

During an enucleation, after the globe is dissected free from the orbit, if you accidentally lacerate a major blood vessel, what is the MOST appropriate next step?

Immediately pack the orbit with gauze and apply pressure, completing the surgery as quickly as possible. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of cryotherapy as a standalone treatment for cancer eye?

It is ineffective if the cancer has invaded deeper orbital tissues. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor would CONTRAINDICATE the use of the transpalpebral approach to enucleation?

Presence of extensive cellulitis involving the eyelids. (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a cow presents with exophthalmos secondary to lymphoma, why is enucleation NOT recommended?

Enucleation will not address the underlying systemic disease. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of performing an enucleation in a standing animal?

Reduced risk of anesthetic complications and aspiration pneumonia. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes exenteration from enucleation?

Exenteration includes removal of the orbital contents, while enucleation removes only the globe. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use both sharp and blunt dissection during enucleation?

To carefully separate tissue planes while minimizing trauma to surrounding structures. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Evisceration

Removal of the contents of the eye, leaving the sclera intact.

Enucleation

Removal of the entire eye, including the globe, while leaving the orbital contents (muscles, glands, nerves) in place.