Entrepreneurship Unit 6 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of concept testing in product development?

  • To conduct secondary research on market trends
  • To launch the product on a large scale immediately
  • To share ideas with potential customers for feedback (correct)
  • To finalize the product design before production

What is one of the main risks associated with test marketing a new product?

  • It can take too long to get consumer feedback
  • It may expose new product ideas to competitors (correct)
  • It allows customers to create product ideas themselves
  • It may lead to excessive marketing costs

How does crowdsourcing contribute to product design?

  • It eliminates the need for market research
  • It gathers ideas and perspectives from individual customers (correct)
  • It focuses solely on internal team brainstorming
  • It involves hiring experts to create product ideas

What is the primary benefit of effective product differentiation?

<p>Making the product appear unique compared to competitors' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial for packaging a product effectively?

<p>It must be attractive and provide necessary information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key trait of an entrepreneur?

<p>Confidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Velocity program primarily support?

<p>Startup incubation from idea to commercialization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Problem Lab benefit aspiring entrepreneurs?

<p>It helps identify and understand significant problems for innovation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the concept of Enterprise Coop (E Coop)?

<p>A chance to launch your own business while receiving coop credit. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of opportunities does participation in extra-curricular activities like Velocity provide?

<p>Access to knowledge, tools, and funding necessary for startups. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might someone consider pursuing further entrepreneurial studies at the graduate level?

<p>To gain an edge in understanding advanced entrepreneurial concepts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the value proposition for SPATULA foods presented by Ian on Dragon’s Den?

<p>High quality frozen food that can be prepared quickly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common benefit of working part-time or through co-op positions early in your career?

<p>You gain exposure to different organizational cultures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of loyalty programs for businesses?

<p>They help capture detailed customer purchasing behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the practice of dividing a market into distinct groups with similar characteristics?

<p>Market segmentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In B2B markets, which factor is crucial for sustaining long-term customer relationships?

<p>Personal relationships and account management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of research involves collecting existing information and data?

<p>Secondary research (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What typically characterizes the decision-making process in B2C markets?

<p>Quick decisions with fewer people involved (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of marketing involves companies taking action on social issues to connect with consumers?

<p>Cause marketing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these best describes 'initial consideration' in the consumer decision-making process?

<p>Determining what they need or want initially (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of social influences in consumer behavior?

<p>They can motivate early adopters to share their experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a successful market research process ultimately align?

<p>Customer needs with the needs of the company. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of consumer-generated marketing?

<p>It involves consumers sharing their experiences voluntarily. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of indirect channels for new companies?

<p>They provide access to a larger customer base through intermediaries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a recurring revenue stream?

<p>A subscription fee for ongoing service. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are key resources for a company?

<p>Tangible and intangible assets including human, physical, financial, and intellectual property. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary role of marketing within a company?

<p>To create value by identifying market needs and promoting products. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cost type does not change with production increases?

<p>Fixed costs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do companies typically use pricing strategy during the product lifecycle?

<p>Initial prices may be high to attract early adopters before lowering them. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of customer relationship management in marketing?

<p>Attracting and retaining customers for long-term engagement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what stage is a business primarily focused on breakthrough and growth?

<p>Breakthrough/Growth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a company's customer support functioning as part of customer relationships?

<p>Offering timely assistance while ensuring customer convenience. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the initial introduction phase of a product's lifecycle?

<p>High initial pricing to recover development costs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of conducting surveys at the bottoms of receipts in retail?

<p>To gather customer feedback and preferences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of the Business Model Canvas?

<p>Market research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a business plan is crucial for attracting potential investors?

<p>Detailed market competition analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy for entering global markets carries higher commitments and risks?

<p>Joint ventures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can customer records benefit a business?

<p>They help tailor marketing efforts and promotional campaigns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A higher commitment and risk strategy for market entry generally involves which of the following?

<p>Forming joint ventures with local partners (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a business model describe?

<p>How a company generates, delivers, and captures value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of value proposition, which aspect should a business focus on?

<p>Defining features and benefits that distinguish them from competitors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a common mistake in writing a business plan?

<p>Over-optimism in forecasting sales and growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Key resources in the Business Model Canvas refer to what?

<p>The essential assets required to deliver value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a business plan include regarding its team?

<p>Education, experiences, and resources of key players (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Customer segments are defined by which characteristic?

<p>Unique preferences or characteristics shared by groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a freemium business model?

<p>A model that allows free access with paid premium features (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key benefit of accounting systems for a business?

<p>Capturing financial transactions to assess monetary status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of operations management?

<p>Creating goods efficiently while managing processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a barrier to innovation?

<p>Established company cultures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of just-in-time processes?

<p>Reduced waste and lower costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does facility layout impact production?

<p>It can enhance the flow of production and reduce inefficiencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason companies may choose to outsource?

<p>To free up internal resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does productivity in operations management primarily measure?

<p>The efficiency of transforming inputs into outputs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a fixed-position layout?

<p>A layout where workers gather around a large project (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one impact of automation in manufacturing?

<p>Higher quality and reliability of products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can government policies support innovation in manufacturing?

<p>By providing grants for commercialization activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way improvements to productivity can be achieved?

<p>By removing non-value adding activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of intrapreneurship within a corporate setting?

<p>Intrapreneurs can leverage the company's resources and reputation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a stage in the entrepreneurial venture creation process?

<p>Breakthrough and growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant benefit of buying an existing business?

<p>Success chances increase due to established customer bases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of incubators?

<p>They provide a supportive environment for startups to grow. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is NOT a part of the intrapreneur's mindset for success?

<p>Focusing solely on individual contributions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when assessing the value of a business for purchase?

<p>The uniqueness in reputation and future profit potential. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style is typically required during the maturity/exit stage of a business?

<p>Surgeon leadership (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do angel investors typically play in early-stage businesses?

<p>They invest money and also act as mentors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major advantage of franchising over starting a business from scratch?

<p>Access to the franchisor’s experience and support. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding crowdfunding?

<p>It enables assessment of customer interest before large commitments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be a drawback of becoming a franchisee?

<p>The need to follow strict guidelines set by the franchisor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which resource is crucial for a startup’s growth strategy?

<p>A well-defined growth plan or roadmap. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of support does the Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC) specifically offer?

<p>Financing and advisory services for small and medium enterprises. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of having a diverse product mix?

<p>Expands potential customer reach and revenue streams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pricing strategy focuses on what customers are willing to pay for perceived benefits?

<p>Value-based pricing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of the product life cycle do companies typically focus on maintaining profitability amid fierce competition?

<p>Maturity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a benefit of using intermediaries in distribution?

<p>Transportation efficiencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the purpose of relationship marketing?

<p>To develop long-term relationships and foster customer loyalty (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT typically contribute to brand equity?

<p>The technical specifications of products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal during the introduction phase of the product life cycle?

<p>Raise awareness of the product (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes 'buzz marketing'?

<p>Encouraging consumers to share experiences publicly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of cost-plus pricing?

<p>Calculating price by adding a markup to total costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What level of distribution intensity involves putting products in as many retail outlets as possible?

<p>Intensive distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a potential downside of price skimming?

<p>It can quickly attract competition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT typically included in customer relationship management (CRM) data?

<p>Competitor pricing strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most likely classified as a B2B good?

<p>Xerox copy paper (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of the decline stage in the product life cycle?

<p>Decline in sales and profits with less promotional effort (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Entrepreneurial Mindset

The ability to handle uncertainty, take risks, be innovative, and solve problems; applicable in startups or corporations.

Entrepreneurship Resources (Waterloo)

Waterloo University provides resources like the Conrad School, Velocity (startup incubator), and the Problem Lab to support entrepreneurial endeavors.

Velocity

A startup incubator that helps students from idea creation to product development and commercialization.

Problem Lab

A program focused on identifying problems and fostering innovation within startups and existing businesses.

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Enterprise Coop (E Coop)

A co-op program that lets students launch their own business while gaining co-op credits.

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Spatula Foods

An example of a startup focused on high-quality, quick-cook frozen foods.

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Initial Career Path

Starting a career by working for others through part-time, summer, or co-op jobs.

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Entrepreneurial Traits

Passion, adaptability to uncertainty, a growth mindset, and confidence are key entrepreneurial characteristics.

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Intrapreneurship

Being entrepreneurial within a corporate setting, using creativity and company resources to launch new products or improve processes.

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Intrapreneur's Mindset

Focus on creating value from innovation, building relationships with key functions (sales, marketing, operations), and turning innovation into repeatable processes. It's about bringing entrepreneurial ideas into the company, but with the safety net of corporate resources.

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Entrepreneurial Venture Stages

Stages of a new business: birth/introduction (survival), breakthrough/growth (managing growth), and maturity/exit (maintaining/growing).

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Business Growth Strategy

A plan to streamline processes, map out growth steps, invest in resources, increase productivity by hiring right people, improve continuously, and lead effectively by delegating/training employees to focus on the big picture.

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Buying an Existing Business

Starting a business by acquiring an existing one - potentially leveraging established customer bases, supplier relationships, and reputation.

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Due Diligence

Thorough investigation of a business before buying it: verifying information about the business (finances & agreements), identifying potential issues, and getting expert advice from accountants & lawyers.

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Franchising

Starting a business using another business's proven product/service and reputation.

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Incubator

A supportive environment providing workspace, coaching, management support, networking, and financing to entrepreneurs.

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Angel Investors

Wealthy individuals who invest in early-stage businesses, often providing mentorship and wanting control.

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Venture Capitalists

Wealthy individuals or companies that invest in established businesses seeking a return on investment.

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Crowdfunding

Raising capital for a business by soliciting small contributions from many people online.

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Value Proposition

The benefits a company offers its customers.

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Business Model Canvas (BMC)

A visual tool to describe the structure of a business idea.

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Business Plan

A detailed document outlining the business's goals, strategies, and financial projections.

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Channels

How a company connects with and reaches its customers, encompassing various stages of the customer journey.

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Direct Channel

A company sells its products directly to customers through its own stores or website.

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Indirect Channel

A company relies on intermediaries like retailers or distributors to sell its products to customers.

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Customer Relationships

The long-term connections a company builds with its customers, encouraging repeat purchases and loyalty.

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Key Resources

Tangible and intangible assets a company possesses to perform its activities.

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Key Activities

The core actions a company undertakes to achieve its goals and deliver value.

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Revenue Streams

Sources of cash inflow a company generates through its products or services.

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Cost Structure

The expenses a company incurs to operate its business model, including fixed and variable costs.

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Fixed Costs

Expenses that remain constant regardless of production levels, such as rent or salaries.

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Business Model

A plan outlining how a company creates and delivers value to customers (through products and services) and captures value (generates revenue) for itself.

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Customer Segments

Groups of people or organizations with similar needs, interests, or characteristics that a business aims to reach and serve profitably.

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Key Partnerships

The key external relationships that a company relies on to operate its business model efficiently and successfully.

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Target Market

The specific group of people or organizations that a business aims to reach and serve with its products or services.

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Competition

Other businesses that offer similar products or services to the same target market, creating a competitive landscape.

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Unique Value Proposition

What makes a company's products or services stand out from the competition, offering something that customers value and can't find anywhere else.

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Financial Strength

A company's ability to manage its finances effectively, including generating revenue, managing expenses, and generating profits.

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Product Design & Development

The process of creating and refining a good or service for customers, involving market research, testing, and iteration.

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Concept Testing

Gathering customer feedback on a product idea before investing heavily, using surveys or focus groups to assess potential interest and features.

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Test Marketing

Launching a new product on a smaller scale in a limited area to get feedback and assess its viability before a full launch.

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Product Differentiation

Making a product stand out from competitors by emphasizing unique benefits, packaging, pricing, and advertising to attract customers.

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Crowdsourcing

Involving customers in the design process by gathering their ideas and perspectives to shape a product or service.

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Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Building long-term relationships with customers to increase loyalty and retention. It's more cost-effective than constantly searching for new customers.

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Cause Marketing

When companies align with social or environmental causes that resonate with their customers, demonstrating values beyond just profit.

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Social Media Marketing

Using social media platforms to engage customers, build brand awareness, and foster relationships.

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Market Research

Collecting and analyzing data to understand customers, their needs, and the business environment. This helps businesses make informed decisions.

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Secondary Research

Analyzing existing information like published reports, surveys, and company records to understand trends and the business environment.

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Primary Research

Collecting original data directly from customers through surveys, interviews, or observations to gain specific insights.

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B2C (Business-to-Consumer)

Businesses selling products directly to individual consumers who are the end-users.

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B2B (Business-to-Business)

Businesses selling products to other businesses who might be the end-users or resell them.

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Market Segmentation

Dividing the total market into groups of customers with similar characteristics and needs. This helps companies target specific groups effectively.

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Operations Management

The field of managing resources and processes within a company to create goods and services for customers efficiently and effectively.

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Mass Production

A manufacturing system that produces large quantities of standardized products using specialized machinery and assembly lines.

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Automation

The use of technology to perform tasks previously done by humans, usually through machines or robots.

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Facility Location

The process of choosing the best location for a company's headquarters or other facilities.

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Facility Layout

The physical arrangement of resources within a facility to optimize production or service delivery.

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Outsourcing

A business strategy where a company hires another company to perform certain tasks or functions.

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Productivity

A measure of how efficiently resources are transformed into outputs, typically measured by the ratio of outputs to inputs.

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Waste Reduction

Identifying and eliminating unnecessary activities or resources that do not add value to products or services.

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Product/Line Layout

A facility layout used in manufacturing where resources are arranged in a sequential order to produce a single type of product.

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Process/Functional Layout

A facility layout that groups similar functions together, allowing for flexibility in handling different products.

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Product Mix

The assortment of all product lines sold by a company.

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Price Skimming

Setting a high initial price for a new product to maximize profit when there's little competition.

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Penetration Pricing

Setting a low initial price to enter a competitive market and build a customer base.

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Distribution Channel

The path a product takes from producer to consumer.

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Intensity of Distribution

The level at which products are made available to consumers: intensive (everywhere), selective (specific stores), exclusive (very limited stores).

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Promotion Mix

The combination of marketing activities a company uses to motivate customers to buy, like advertising, sales promotions, and public relations.

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Relationship Marketing

Building long-term relationships with customers to foster loyalty and repeat business.

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Brand Equity

The overall value of a brand, encompassing financial performance and customer perceptions.

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Product Life Cycle

The stages a product goes through: introduction, growth, maturity, decline.

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Consumer Good

A product bought for personal use.

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B2B Good

A product bought by businesses for use in their operations.

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Greenwashing

Marketing a product as environmentally friendly when it's not truly sustainable.

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Study Notes

Unit 6: Entrepreneurship

  • What it takes to be an entrepreneur: Managing uncertainty, taking risks, being creative, and problem-solving are crucial for launching a venture or growing within a corporation. Entrepreneurial studies are available—consider programs like Waterloo’s Master of Business, Entrepreneurship, and Technology. Extracurricular activities, like Velocity (startup incubator) and Problem Lab, build skills. Coop/e-coop opportunities at startups can provide valuable experience. Examples include Ian's pitch for SPATULA foods on Dragon's Den.
  • Entrepreneurship vs. Intrapreneurship: Intrapreneurs are entrepreneurial individuals within a company, using existing resources for innovation. Tech companies often use hackathons to encourage innovation. Companies like Manulife and Hasbro use intrapreneurship to adapt to changing technologies and customer needs. Intrapreneurship success relies on creating value, collaborative relationships, and turning ideas into profitable solutions. Intrapreneurs benefit from the safety net of their employer.
  • New Venture Creation Stages: A venture progresses through distinct stages: birth/introduction (defining the model, prioritizing survival); breakthrough/growth (managing customer relationships and securing financing); and maturity/exit (maintaining market share, exploring exit strategies). Leadership styles shift accordingly. Crucial advice for growth includes developing a strategy, investing in growth, increasing productivity, and becoming a better leader. Advice and consultation from specialists are often necessary.
  • Other Paths to Business Ownership: Buying an existing business or franchising presents alternatives. Buying an existing business can benefit from an established customer base. Carefully evaluate the reasons for sale, conduct due diligence (confirm financial records and agreements), and assess potential risks. Consider the valuation based on existing assets, earnings, and future potential. Franchises often have lower failure rates due to proven products/services, ongoing support by the franchisor, and assistance in setup/management. A franchising agreement outlines responsibilities and fees.

Unit 7: Business Models

  • Business Models: A business model outlines how a company generates revenue. Decisions include product offerings, target customers, and sustainability. The Business Model Canvas is a tool for designing and mapping business models.
  • Business Model Canvas (BMC): The BMC is a structured tool for visualizing a business model. Start by understanding customers and their needs. Key components include customer segments, value propositions, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partnerships, and cost structure.
  • Creating Value: Creating value for the customer leads to revenue generation.
  • Customer Segments: Group customers with similar needs, characteristics, or reachable channels into distinct segments. This may include demographic, geographic, or business sectors.
  • Value Proposition: Explains what the business offers to the customer, what customers get, and the problems it solves. It should stand out from competitors and meet customer needs. (Ex. Uber's value proposition – convenience).
  • Channels: The means of connecting with customers (marketing, sales, distribution, service). Direct or indirect channels are possible.
  • Customer Relationships: Build lasting relationships through customer support and interactions.
  • Delivering Value: Resources and activities enable value delivery.
  • Key Resources: Essential assets (human, physical, financial, intellectual property—like patents).
  • Key Activities: Actions that deliver value (e.g., in manufacturing, product design and selection, production quality control).
  • Key Partnerships: Collaborations that support operations (supply chain partnerships).
  • Capturing Value: Profitability from creating value.
  • Revenue Streams: Cash inflows from sales (transactional or recurring).
  • Cost Structure: Expenses associated with operations, considering fixed and variable costs.

Unit 8: Marketing

  • Introduction to Marketing: Marketing involves creating value for customers through identifying and meeting needs. Data analysis, customer relationship management, cause marketing, and social media are important trends.
  • Understanding the Customer: Market research is vital for understanding customer preferences. Secondary research uses existing data, while primary research gathers original information through surveys, interviews, or observation.
  • Customer Markets (B2C and B2B): B2C markets products to end-users, emphasizing promotional techniques. B2B markets to other businesses, relying on personal relationships and often a more complex decision-making process.
  • Market Segmentation and Target Markets: Dividing the market into segments with similar characteristics and focusing on profitable segments. Target markets should be sizable, reachable, and profitable.
  • Consumer Decision-Making Process: Customers move through stages of consideration, evaluation, decision, and post-purchase experience. Influences include social, psychological, and situational factors.
  • The Marketing Mix (4Ps): Product (design, testing, differentiation), Price (strategies, analysis), Place (distribution channels), and Promotion (mix of communication & incentives).
  • Building Relationships and Brand: Relationship marketing emphasizes long-term customer loyalty. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) uses data to personalize interactions. Brand equity represents a brand's overall value.
  • Product Life Cycle: The stages of a product from introduction to decline (introduction, growth, maturity, decline), with strategies to adapt.

Unit 9: Operations Management

  • What is Operations Management: Ensuring efficient production of goods and services that meet quality standards. Focuses on resource management and processes.
  • Brief History of Operations/Automation: Industrial advancements like Ford's assembly line led to significant changes in production and employment.
  • Operations in Canada Today: Services are the dominant sector in Canada, though primary and secondary industries remain important. Economic performance, infrastructure, and education drive productivity and innovation.
  • Productivity: Improving efficiency to use fewer inputs for the same output.
  • Operations Planning:
  • Facility Location: Factors include proximity to customers, resources, and government support.
  • Facility Layout: Physical arrangement of resources considers optimizing productivity, space utilization, and customer experience.
  • Outsourcing: Utilizing external resources to meet operational needs.
  • Operations Control: Ensuring efficiency, timeliness, and quality in production processes. Topics covered in this section include purchasing and inventory management, maintenance, data analysis, and control.

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