General Biology 1 - First Semester (2nd Quarter)
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Questions and Answers

Which type of transport is responsible for moving large molecules, parts of cells, and even whole cells into a cell?

  • Pinocytosis
  • Exocytosis
  • Phagocytosis
  • Endocytosis (correct)

    • What is the process by which large particles, such as cells themselves, are taken in by a cell?

  • Exocytosis
  • Pinocytosis
  • Endocytosis
  • Phagocytosis (correct)

    • What is the reverse process of endocytosis, which expels material from the cell into the extracellular fluid?

  • Phagocytosis
  • Pinocytosis
  • Endocytosis
  • Exocytosis (correct)

    • Which type of endocytosis involves the use of specific binding proteins in the plasma membrane for specific molecules or particles?

    <p>Receptor-mediated endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport process requires ATP for the mechanism to take place?

    <p>Vesicular transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of active transport that moves substances, including fluids and particles, into a cell?

    <p>Pinocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which large particles, such as cells themselves, are taken in by a cell?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of endocytosis involves the use of specific binding proteins in the plasma membrane for specific molecules or particles?

    <p>Receptor-mediated endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reverse process of endocytosis, which expels material from the cell into the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport process requires ATP for the mechanism to take place?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about active transport?

    <p>It maintains concentrations of ions in living cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Sodium-Potassium Pump?

    <p>To maintain a cell's homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

    <p>Endocytosis forms a vesicle to transport substances, while exocytosis fuses a membrane to expel material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which large particles are taken in by a cell called?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of receptor-mediated endocytosis?

    <p>To transport large molecules into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lipids in the human body?

    <p>To store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is referred to as blood sugar?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is found in ripe fruits and is the sweetest sugar?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is found in milk?

    <p>Galactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is composed of glucose and fructose and is referred to as table sugar?

    <p>Sucrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is composed of glucose and galactose and is found in milk?

    <p>Lactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lipids in the human body?

    <p>To store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of endocytosis involves the use of specific binding proteins in the plasma membrane for specific molecules or particles?

    <p>Receptor-mediated endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is referred to as blood sugar?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which large particles, such as cells themselves, are taken in by a cell?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is composed of glucose and fructose and is referred to as table sugar?

    <p>Sucrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lipids in the human body?

    <p>To store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is found in ripe fruits and is the sweetest sugar?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of endocytosis involves the use of specific binding proteins in the plasma membrane for specific molecules or particles?

    <p>Receptor-mediated endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport process requires ATP for the mechanism to take place?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a nucleotide base found in DNA?

    <p>Uracil (U)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is DNA stored in eukaryotes?

    <p>Cell nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is often compared to a blueprint due to its role in storing information?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fourth nucleotide base found in RNA?

    <p>Thymine (T)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of RNA in living organisms?

    <p>Production of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the four nucleotide bases found in DNA?

    <p>Uracil (U)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is DNA stored in prokaryotes?

    <p>Cell cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule gets its name from the sugar group in the molecule's backbone?

    <p>RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a structural purpose of other DNA sequences, aside from carrying genetic information?

    <p>Building cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA?

    <p>Important in protein production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule has a sugar-phosphate backbone with nucleotide bases attached to it?

    <p>RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nucleotide base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

    <p>Uracil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is DNA stored in eukaryotes?

    <p>Cell nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of DNA in the cell?

    <p>Storage of information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four nucleotide bases found in DNA?

    <p>Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), and Thymine (T)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions convert sunlight into

    <p>Energy carriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>To convert energy carriers into sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules temporarily store the energy during the light-dependent reactions?

    <p>Energy carriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the energy carriers after they release the energy?

    <p>They return to the light-dependent reactions to obtain more energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reactions in photosynthesis require the products of the light-dependent reactions to function?

    <p>Light-independent reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a product of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>To assemble sugar molecules from carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

    <p>To absorb energy from sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>They utilize energy carriers to store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the energy carriers after they release their energy in photosynthesis?

    <p>They return to the light-dependent reactions to obtain more energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is responsible for temporarily storing the energy during the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>Assemble sugar molecules from carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the energy carriers after they release their energy in photosynthesis?

    <p>They become empty and return to the light-dependent reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oxygen in photosynthesis?

    <p>To leave the leaf through stomata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two sequential stages of photosynthesis?

    <p>Light-dependent and light-independent reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the aerobic pathway occurs inside the mitochondrial matrix?

    <p>Krebs Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process transfers the chemical energy present in hydrogen electrons to ATP?

    <p>Electron Transport Chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

    <p>Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might the body rely on anaerobic respiration?

    <p>During a sprinting situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main product of glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the aerobic pathway occurs inside the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the aerobic pathway involves a series of enzyme-controlled processes that occur inside the mitochondrial matrix?

    <p>Krebs Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the aerobic pathway involves a series of enzyme-controlled reactions that transfers the chemical energy present in hydrogen electrons to ATP?

    <p>Electron Transport Chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of creating energy without the presence of oxygen called?

    <p>Anaerobic Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the aerobic pathway produces a small amount of energy in the form of ATP molecules?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the aerobic pathway involves a series of enzyme-controlled reactions that transfers the chemical energy present in hydrogen electrons to ATP?

    <p>Electron Transport Chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

    <p>Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oxygen in photosynthesis?

    <p>Oxygen is a product of the light-dependent reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of creating energy without the presence of oxygen called?

    <p>Anaerobic Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might the body rely on anaerobic respiration?

    <p>During a sprint</p> Signup and view all the answers

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