Entamoeba spp. Parasitology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Entamoeba spp.?

  • Fecal-oral (correct)
  • Airborne
  • Direct contact
  • Vector-borne

What is the characteristic feature of the cyst form of Entamoeba spp.?

  • 1 nucleus
  • Has ingested RBCs
  • Pseudopod formation
  • 4 nuclei with splinter-like chromatoid bodies (correct)

What is the diagnostic stage of Entamoeba spp.?

  • Trophozoite only
  • Only in asymptomatic carriers
  • Cyst and Trophozoite (correct)
  • Cyst only

What is a common symptom of amebic colitis caused by Entamoeba spp.?

<p>Dysentery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible outcome of Entamoeba spp. infection?

<p>Asymptomatic carrier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of parasite cannot survive outside of a host?

<p>Obligatory Parasite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a host that harbors the asexual or larval stage of a parasite?

<p>Intermediate Host (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a host that is infected with a parasite but shows no symptoms?

<p>Carrier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection occurs when an infected individual becomes their own direct source of infection?

<p>Autoinfection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a parasite that can cause autoinfection?

<p>Strongyloides stercoralis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a parasite that is established outside the body of a host?

<p>Ectoparasite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Entamoeba spp.

  • Most invasive protozoan of Entamoeba species
  • Second most important parasite

Life Cycle and Transmission

  • Infective stage: Cyst
  • Diagnostic stage: Trophozoites, Cyst
  • Fecal-Oral Mode of Transmission

Morphology

Cyst Form

  • 4 nuclei
  • Splinter-like chromatoid bodies

Trophozoite

  • 1 nucleus
  • Has ingested RBCs (Red Blood Cells)
  • (+) Pseudopod formation

Clinical Presentation

  • Asymptomatic carrier
  • Amebic colitis
  • Dysentery

Types of Parasites

  • Obligatory Parasite: cannot survive outside of a host
  • Facultative Parasite: capable of existing independently of a host, but becomes parasitic when needed
  • Spurious Parasite: a free-living organism that passes through the digestive tract without infecting the host

Types of Hosts

  • Definitive or Final Host: where the sexual phase of parasite development occurs
  • Intermediate Host: harbors the asexual or larval stage of the parasite
  • Reservoir Host: harbors the parasite, allowing the life cycle to continue and become additional sources of human infection
  • Accidental Host: hosts other than the normal one that are harboring a parasite
  • Carrier: parasite-harboring host that is not exhibiting any clinical symptoms, but can infect others

Special Types of Infections

Autoinfection

  • Infected individual becomes their own direct source of infection

Superinfection

  • Infected individual is further infected with the same species, leading to massive infection
  • Examples: Capillaria philippinensis, Cryptosporidium, Hymenolepis nana, Enterobius vermecularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Ascaris lumbricoides

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