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Questions and Answers
What stimulates eosinophils to release their granule contents?
What stimulates eosinophils to release their granule contents?
Which cytokine is responsible for stimulating mucus secretion and intestinal peristalsis to expel parasites?
Which cytokine is responsible for stimulating mucus secretion and intestinal peristalsis to expel parasites?
What is activated by IgE to release its granule contents?
What is activated by IgE to release its granule contents?
Which type of macrophage activation pathway is stimulated by Th2 cytokines?
Which type of macrophage activation pathway is stimulated by Th2 cytokines?
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What type of response impairs the microbicidal functions of macrophages?
What type of response impairs the microbicidal functions of macrophages?
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Which pathway of macrophage activation leads to destruction of microbes and inflammation?
Which pathway of macrophage activation leads to destruction of microbes and inflammation?
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What induces the M2 (Alternative pathway) of macrophage activation?
What induces the M2 (Alternative pathway) of macrophage activation?
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What happens when IgE binds to its Fc receptors on eosinophils?
What happens when IgE binds to its Fc receptors on eosinophils?
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Which cytokine induces isotype class switching to IgE in the lymph node?
Which cytokine induces isotype class switching to IgE in the lymph node?
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What is the signature cytokine of Th1 cells?
What is the signature cytokine of Th1 cells?
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Which type of cells secrete IL-4 to stimulate the development of Th2 cells?
Which type of cells secrete IL-4 to stimulate the development of Th2 cells?
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What are the three major subsets that CD4+ helper T cells may differentiate into?
What are the three major subsets that CD4+ helper T cells may differentiate into?
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Which cytokine stimulates the production of IgE antibodies by Tfh cells to coat helminths?
Which cytokine stimulates the production of IgE antibodies by Tfh cells to coat helminths?
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What is the mechanism by which Th1 cells enhance phagocytosis by macrophages?
What is the mechanism by which Th1 cells enhance phagocytosis by macrophages?
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Which cell types produce both IL-12 and IFN-γ to induce differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1 effector cells?
Which cell types produce both IL-12 and IFN-γ to induce differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1 effector cells?
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Which type of cells are able to infect and replicate inside a wide variety of other cells?
Which type of cells are able to infect and replicate inside a wide variety of other cells?
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Which subset of CD4+ helper T cells is characterized by producing IL-5 among its signature cytokines?
Which subset of CD4+ helper T cells is characterized by producing IL-5 among its signature cytokines?
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What type of immune responses are induced in genetically susceptible individuals by allergens?
What type of immune responses are induced in genetically susceptible individuals by allergens?
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Which cytokines are targeted for treatment in patients with severe asthma who exhibit strong Th2 responses?
Which cytokines are targeted for treatment in patients with severe asthma who exhibit strong Th2 responses?
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Which type of immune response is essential for eliminating Leishmania major, a protozoal parasite that lives inside macrophages?
Which type of immune response is essential for eliminating Leishmania major, a protozoal parasite that lives inside macrophages?
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Which agents are being tested in asthma and other allergic disorders by targeting IL-4 receptors or IL-5 cytokine?
Which agents are being tested in asthma and other allergic disorders by targeting IL-4 receptors or IL-5 cytokine?
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Which cytokine is a powerful inhibitor of immune responses but promotes the development of Th17 cells when present with IL-6 or IL1?
Which cytokine is a powerful inhibitor of immune responses but promotes the development of Th17 cells when present with IL-6 or IL1?
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What is the main function of Th17 cells in terms of immune response?
What is the main function of Th17 cells in terms of immune response?
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Which cytokine is responsible for maintaining the integrity of epithelial barriers and promoting repair of damaged epithelia?
Which cytokine is responsible for maintaining the integrity of epithelial barriers and promoting repair of damaged epithelia?
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Which protein disrupts the integrity of the target cell plasma membrane to facilitate delivery of granzymes into the cytosol?
Which protein disrupts the integrity of the target cell plasma membrane to facilitate delivery of granzymes into the cytosol?
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What mechanism does not require granule exocytosis for inducing target cell apoptosis by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells?
What mechanism does not require granule exocytosis for inducing target cell apoptosis by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells?
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How do cytotoxic CD8+ T cells primarily kill target cells?
How do cytotoxic CD8+ T cells primarily kill target cells?
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What is the main outcome of CD4+ T cells sequestering microbes within macrophage vesicles?
What is the main outcome of CD4+ T cells sequestering microbes within macrophage vesicles?
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What happens when microbes escape from vesicles into the cytoplasm during an infection?
What happens when microbes escape from vesicles into the cytoplasm during an infection?
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In what scenario would CD8+ T cells be more involved in eliminating an infection?
In what scenario would CD8+ T cells be more involved in eliminating an infection?
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