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Questions and Answers
What is the general word order in English sentences compared to French?
What is the general word order in English sentences compared to French?
- Object+Subject+Verb
- Verb+Object+Subject
- Subject+Verb+Complements (correct)
- Subject+Complements+Verb
Which of the following represents a complex sentence?
Which of the following represents a complex sentence?
- The cat slept on the mat.
- The woman who sat near me on the bus was Irish. (correct)
- He left prior to the meeting.
- She arrived late.
What are the five types of modality in a sentence?
What are the five types of modality in a sentence?
- Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative, Conditional, Emphatic
- Negative, Interrogative, Conditional, Imperative, Emphatic
- Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative, Imperative, Emphatic (correct)
- Affirmative, Negative, Exclamatory, Imperative, Emphatic
In which situation is passive voice preferred in English?
In which situation is passive voice preferred in English?
How can modality be combined in a sentence?
How can modality be combined in a sentence?
Which example illustrates a sentence in passive voice?
Which example illustrates a sentence in passive voice?
What is the auxiliary verb used to form the passive voice?
What is the auxiliary verb used to form the passive voice?
Which of the following patterns correctly represents the combination of modality?
Which of the following patterns correctly represents the combination of modality?
What is one function of the passive voice as described?
What is one function of the passive voice as described?
Why is it important to consider the passive voice in translations from French to English?
Why is it important to consider the passive voice in translations from French to English?
Which type of question is characterized by seeking specific information using 'who', 'what', 'where', or 'why'?
Which type of question is characterized by seeking specific information using 'who', 'what', 'where', or 'why'?
Which of the following sentences correctly uses an emphatic modality?
Which of the following sentences correctly uses an emphatic modality?
In a sentence like 'Do you love him?', how would an elliptical affirmative response be structured?
In a sentence like 'Do you love him?', how would an elliptical affirmative response be structured?
What is a key characteristic of question tags based on the content provided?
What is a key characteristic of question tags based on the content provided?
How can emphasis be conveyed in spoken language according to the content?
How can emphasis be conveyed in spoken language according to the content?
Which of the following sentences is an example of a direct closed question?
Which of the following sentences is an example of a direct closed question?
In the structure of a negative elliptical response, what is the correct order of elements?
In the structure of a negative elliptical response, what is the correct order of elements?
When expressing general opinions using passive constructions, which verbs are typically used?
When expressing general opinions using passive constructions, which verbs are typically used?
Which of the following illustrates an indirect question?
Which of the following illustrates an indirect question?
Which statement describes the use of auxiliary verbs in emphasizing a statement?
Which statement describes the use of auxiliary verbs in emphasizing a statement?
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Study Notes
Sentence Structure
- English follows the Subject-Verb-Object word order, unlike French.
- Avoid translating directly from French to English.
- It's not common to separate the subject, verb, and complements within a sentence.
- Adverbials (time, place, etc.) are typically placed at the beginning or end of the sentence.
Simple and Complex Sentences
- A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate.
- A complex sentence has multiple subjects and predicates.
Sentence Modality
- Modality shows the speaker's attitude toward the predicate through verb form and position.
- Five modal categories: affirmative, negative, interrogative, imperative, and emphatic.
- These categories can be combined.
Sentence Voice
- Voice refers to the direction of the predicate's relationship.
- Active voice: the subject is also the agent of the action.
- Passive voice: the agent is not the subject.
- English uses passive voice more frequently than French.
- Passive voice is formed with the auxiliary verb "be" and a past participle.
- The passive voice emphasizes the object or person receiving the action.
- The "by" phrase identifies the agent.
Passive Voice: Additional Information
- The auxiliary "be" can be in the "-ing" form.
- The passive voice can be used when the speaker doesn't want to mention the agent.
- The passive voice can translate the French pronoun "on."
- The passive voice can express general opinions with verbs like "believe," "know," "say," and "tell."
Interrogative Sentences
- Direct questions can be open or closed.
- Indirect questions include a direct question and a subordinate clause.
Answers and Rephrasing
- Elliptical answers are short responses to closed questions.
- Question tags confirm or seek confirmation of a statement.
- Question tags use an auxiliary verb and a pronoun.
- Don't confuse question tags with surprise rephrasing.
Emphatic Sentences
- Emphasis can be conveyed through intonation, the auxiliary verb, or the auxiliary verb "be."
- Emphasis on the verb is achieved by using the auxiliary verb, especially in the present, past, or imperative.
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