English Sentence Structure and Types

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Questions and Answers

What is the general word order in English sentences compared to French?

Object+Subject+Verb

Verb+Object+Subject

Subject+Verb+Complements (correct)

Subject+Complements+Verb

Which of the following represents a complex sentence?

The cat slept on the mat.

The woman who sat near me on the bus was Irish. (correct)

He left prior to the meeting.

She arrived late.

What are the five types of modality in a sentence?

Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative, Conditional, Emphatic

Negative, Interrogative, Conditional, Imperative, Emphatic

Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative, Imperative, Emphatic (correct)

Affirmative, Negative, Exclamatory, Imperative, Emphatic

In which situation is passive voice preferred in English?

When the speaker cannot or does not want to mention the agent. Signup and view all the answers

How can modality be combined in a sentence?

By changing the sentence structure or using auxiliary verbs. Signup and view all the answers

Which example illustrates a sentence in passive voice?

The mouse was chased by the cat. Signup and view all the answers

What is the auxiliary verb used to form the passive voice?

Be Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patterns correctly represents the combination of modality?

Are you not ready? Signup and view all the answers

What is one function of the passive voice as described?

To express general opinions Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the passive voice in translations from French to English?

English utilizes passive voice more frequently than French. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of question is characterized by seeking specific information using 'who', 'what', 'where', or 'why'?

Open questions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses an emphatic modality?

I am ready! Signup and view all the answers

In a sentence like 'Do you love him?', how would an elliptical affirmative response be structured?

Yes, I do love him. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of question tags based on the content provided?

They request confirmation of the statement Signup and view all the answers

How can emphasis be conveyed in spoken language according to the content?

Through intonation or auxiliary usage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences is an example of a direct closed question?

Are you ready? Signup and view all the answers

In the structure of a negative elliptical response, what is the correct order of elements?

No + auxiliary + subject + not Signup and view all the answers

When expressing general opinions using passive constructions, which verbs are typically used?

believe, say, know, tell Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following illustrates an indirect question?

I wonder if she has arrived. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes the use of auxiliary verbs in emphasizing a statement?

They can be repeated to convey strong beliefs. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sentence Structure

English follows the Subject-Verb-Object word order, unlike French.
Avoid translating directly from French to English.
It's not common to separate the subject, verb, and complements within a sentence.
Adverbials (time, place, etc.) are typically placed at the beginning or end of the sentence.

Simple and Complex Sentences

A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate.
A complex sentence has multiple subjects and predicates.

Sentence Modality

Modality shows the speaker's attitude toward the predicate through verb form and position.
Five modal categories: affirmative, negative, interrogative, imperative, and emphatic.
These categories can be combined.

Sentence Voice

Voice refers to the direction of the predicate's relationship.
Active voice: the subject is also the agent of the action.
Passive voice: the agent is not the subject.
English uses passive voice more frequently than French.
Passive voice is formed with the auxiliary verb "be" and a past participle.
The passive voice emphasizes the object or person receiving the action.
The "by" phrase identifies the agent.

Passive Voice: Additional Information

The auxiliary "be" can be in the "-ing" form.
The passive voice can be used when the speaker doesn't want to mention the agent.
The passive voice can translate the French pronoun "on."
The passive voice can express general opinions with verbs like "believe," "know," "say," and "tell."

Interrogative Sentences

Direct questions can be open or closed.
Indirect questions include a direct question and a subordinate clause.

Answers and Rephrasing

Elliptical answers are short responses to closed questions.
Question tags confirm or seek confirmation of a statement.
Question tags use an auxiliary verb and a pronoun.
Don't confuse question tags with surprise rephrasing.

Emphatic Sentences

Emphasis can be conveyed through intonation, the auxiliary verb, or the auxiliary verb "be."
Emphasis on the verb is achieved by using the auxiliary verb, especially in the present, past, or imperative.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamental aspects of English sentence structure, including the differences between simple and complex sentences, and the concept of modality. Understand how sentence voice affects meaning and the typical word order in English compared to French. Test your knowledge on these critical elements of English grammar.