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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the significance of the Magna Carta agreed to by King John?
Which of the following best describes the significance of the Magna Carta agreed to by King John?
- It limited the king's power by requiring the consent of barons for taxation and guaranteeing fair trials. (correct)
- It established a parliamentary system with elected representatives from all social classes.
- It solidified the king's absolute power by ensuring the barons could not interfere with royal decisions.
- It granted independence to Normandy and other French territories, resolving conflicts with France.
How did Henry III's reign initially differ from those of previous monarchs, particularly in terms of governance?
How did Henry III's reign initially differ from those of previous monarchs, particularly in terms of governance?
- He focused solely on military campaigns, delegating all domestic governance to his advisors.
- He immediately established a strong, centralized government with no baronial influence.
- He implemented a system of direct democracy, allowing all citizens to participate in decision-making.
- Due to his young age, the country was initially governed by a council of barons until he reached adulthood. (correct)
What was the main purpose of the reform plan that Henry III accepted in 1258?
What was the main purpose of the reform plan that Henry III accepted in 1258?
- To abolish parliaments and concentrate power in the monarchy.
- To increase the king's power and authority over the barons.
- To place the government under the joint control of the king and a council of barons. (correct)
- To establish a permanent standing army for the king's use.
What key innovation is attributed to Edward I regarding the English Parliament?
What key innovation is attributed to Edward I regarding the English Parliament?
What was the primary reason Edward I valued the Parliament?
What was the primary reason Edward I valued the Parliament?
Flashcards
John Lackland
John Lackland
King who lost Normandy and faced baronial rebellion due to heavy taxes.
Magna Carta
Magna Carta
Document agreed to by King John limiting taxes and ensuring fair trials.
Henry III
Henry III
King who came to the throne at a young age and later accepted a plan of reform with a council of barons.
Parliaments
Parliaments
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Edward I
Edward I
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Study Notes
- John Lackland reigned from 1199-1216.
- He was known as "Bad King John" in Robin Hood.
- He lost Normandy and almost all his possessions in France.
- The collection of taxes to finance his wars led the Barons to rebellion.
- By May 1215, civil war had broken out and rebels occupied London.
- John was forced to agree to the terms of the Magna Carta.
- He agreed that no taxes could be demanded without the consent of the Barons.
- No free man could be arrested without a fair trial judged by his equals.
Henry III (1216-1272)
- On John's death, Henry III became king at 9 years old.
- The country was first led by a group of barons until he came of age.
- In military and diplomatic affairs, he was ambitious but arrogant and cowardly.
- In 1258, he accepted a plan of reform, England's 1st constitution.
- The government was placed under joint control of the king and a council of 15 barons plus parliaments (from French "discussion").
- This took place 3 times a year.
Edward I (1272-1307)
- He was Henry III's oldest son.
- He understood the value of parliament as a way to gain support.
- Edward I established the first representative parliament, known as "Model Parliament" (1295).
- It included the House of Lords (barons, knights), and the House of Commons (counties, towns, lesser clergy).
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Description
A summary of the reigns of English Monarchs John Lackland and Henry III. John Lackland's reign was marked by conflict with Barons leading to the Magna Carta. Henry III's reign saw the introduction of England's first constitution.
