Podcast
Questions and Answers
Vowels are classified according to their frontness, backness, highness, lowness and roundedness.
Vowels are classified according to their frontness, backness, highness, lowness and roundedness.
True (A)
The schwa sound /ə/ is typically found in stressed syllables.
The schwa sound /ə/ is typically found in stressed syllables.
False (B)
Words with only one syllable usually have full vowel sounds because they are stressed, except for words like 'the' and 'what.'
Words with only one syllable usually have full vowel sounds because they are stressed, except for words like 'the' and 'what.'
True (A)
The sounds /p/, /b/, /m/, and /w/ are articulated at the alveolar place of articulation.
The sounds /p/, /b/, /m/, and /w/ are articulated at the alveolar place of articulation.
In words like 'button' and 'kitten', the 't' sound is an example of a velar nasal.
In words like 'button' and 'kitten', the 't' sound is an example of a velar nasal.
The simple present tense is used to describe actions completed in the distant past, with no relevance to the present.
The simple present tense is used to describe actions completed in the distant past, with no relevance to the present.
A participle is a word derived from a verb that can function as an adverb.
A participle is a word derived from a verb that can function as an adverb.
In the sentence, 'Joyce is a Filipino Major,' the sentence pattern is Subject-Linking Verb-Predicate Nominative (S-LV-PN).
In the sentence, 'Joyce is a Filipino Major,' the sentence pattern is Subject-Linking Verb-Predicate Nominative (S-LV-PN).
The sentence 'Rosmar gave her endorsers money' follows the sentence pattern: Subject-Transitive Verb-Direct Object.
The sentence 'Rosmar gave her endorsers money' follows the sentence pattern: Subject-Transitive Verb-Direct Object.
A compound sentence consists of one dependent clause and one independent clause, connected by a subordinating conjunction.
A compound sentence consists of one dependent clause and one independent clause, connected by a subordinating conjunction.
In the sentence 'Even though you hurt my feelings, I forgive you' the phrase 'Even though you hurt my feelings' is an example of an independent clause.
In the sentence 'Even though you hurt my feelings, I forgive you' the phrase 'Even though you hurt my feelings' is an example of an independent clause.
In a compound-complex sentence, there must be exactly two independent clauses, one dependent clause, and one subordinating conjunction and exactly one coordinating conjunction.
In a compound-complex sentence, there must be exactly two independent clauses, one dependent clause, and one subordinating conjunction and exactly one coordinating conjunction.
The Present Perfect Continuous tense describes an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
The Present Perfect Continuous tense describes an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
The Future Perfect Continuous tense emphasizes the completion of an action before a specific time in the past.
The Future Perfect Continuous tense emphasizes the completion of an action before a specific time in the past.
In the sentence, 'To sing is divine,' the infinitive phrase 'To sing' functions as an adjective.
In the sentence, 'To sing is divine,' the infinitive phrase 'To sing' functions as an adjective.
Gerunds are verbals that always function as adjectives modifying nouns.
Gerunds are verbals that always function as adjectives modifying nouns.
The simple past tense always requires an explicit time expression like 'last night' or 'yesterday'.
The simple past tense always requires an explicit time expression like 'last night' or 'yesterday'.
The simple future tense uses 'will' or 'shall' plus the base form of the verb to describe actions that will occur in the future.
The simple future tense uses 'will' or 'shall' plus the base form of the verb to describe actions that will occur in the future.
The present continuous tense uses the structure is/are/am + -ing v to indicate an action that is ongoing now.
The present continuous tense uses the structure is/are/am + -ing v to indicate an action that is ongoing now.
The Past Perfect Continuous tense describes an action that will start in the future and continue indefinitely.
The Past Perfect Continuous tense describes an action that will start in the future and continue indefinitely.
Infinitives can only function as nouns and never as adjectives or adverbs.
Infinitives can only function as nouns and never as adjectives or adverbs.
The past continuous tense describes an action ongoing in the past that was never interrupted.
The past continuous tense describes an action ongoing in the past that was never interrupted.
The future continuous tense uses the formula will/shall + be + -ing v to describe actions ongoing in the future.
The future continuous tense uses the formula will/shall + be + -ing v to describe actions ongoing in the future.
In the sentence 'She will have been working here for five years next June,' the verb tense is Future Perfect Continuous.
In the sentence 'She will have been working here for five years next June,' the verb tense is Future Perfect Continuous.
Perfect tenses, derived from the Latin 'perfectum', always indicate an action that is currently happening.
Perfect tenses, derived from the Latin 'perfectum', always indicate an action that is currently happening.
The business permit number for Teacher Kim Review and Tutorial Center is 1607 series of 2024.
The business permit number for Teacher Kim Review and Tutorial Center is 1607 series of 2024.
The present perfect tense, formed with has/have + past participle, describes an action that began in the past and is still true now.
The present perfect tense, formed with has/have + past participle, describes an action that began in the past and is still true now.
If the verb is 'singing', its functionality as a gerund, participle and plain verb is consistently identifiable based on its ending in '-ing'.
If the verb is 'singing', its functionality as a gerund, participle and plain verb is consistently identifiable based on its ending in '-ing'.
In the sentence, 'Her disease had worsened before her father bought the medicine,' the past perfect tense indicates her father buying the medicine happened earlier.
In the sentence, 'Her disease had worsened before her father bought the medicine,' the past perfect tense indicates her father buying the medicine happened earlier.
Flashcards
What is the IPA?
What is the IPA?
A system of phonetic notation using a unique symbol for each speech sound.
Vowel Classification
Vowel Classification
Vowels are classified by frontness/backness, highness/lowness and roundedness.
What is the schwa /ə/?
What is the schwa /ə/?
Found in unstressed syllables.
Place of Articulation
Place of Articulation
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Manner of Articulation
Manner of Articulation
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Simple Present Tense
Simple Present Tense
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Participle
Participle
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S-IV Sentence Pattern
S-IV Sentence Pattern
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S-LV-(S)C Sentence Pattern
S-LV-(S)C Sentence Pattern
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S-TV-DO Sentence Pattern
S-TV-DO Sentence Pattern
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Compound Sentence
Compound Sentence
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Complex Sentence
Complex Sentence
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Simple Past Tense
Simple Past Tense
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Simple Future Tense
Simple Future Tense
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Present Continuous Tense
Present Continuous Tense
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Past Continuous Tense
Past Continuous Tense
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Future Continuous Tense
Future Continuous Tense
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Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense
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Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense
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Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Tense
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Present Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous
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Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
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Future Perfect Continuous
Future Perfect Continuous
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Gerund
Gerund
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Infinitive
Infinitive
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Verbal (as Noun)
Verbal (as Noun)
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Verbal (as Adjective)
Verbal (as Adjective)
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Verbal (as Adverb)
Verbal (as Adverb)
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Verbals
Verbals
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Study Notes
- Fundamentals of English covered.
- Study notes relate to a review.
The IPA
- A chart denotes the IPA for vowels and consonants.
- Includes monophthongs and diphthongs.
- Explains vowels are classified by frontness, backness, highness, lowness, and roundedness.
- Schwa /ə/ is found in unstressed syllables.
- One syllable words are stressed, having full vowel sounds, except for "the" and "what".
Places of Articulation
- Bilabial sounds: /p/, /b/, /m/, /w/
- Labiodental sounds: /f/, /v/
- Interdental sounds: /ð/, /θ/
- Alveolar sounds: /t/, /d/, /s/, /z/, /n/, /l/
- Palatal sound: /j/
- Palato-alveolar sounds: /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/
- Velar sounds: /k/, /g/, /ŋ/
- Glottal sound: /h/
Manner of Articulation
- Plosives: /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
- Fricatives: /f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /h/
- Affricates: /tʃ/, /dʒ/
- Nasal sounds: /m/, /n/, /ŋ/
- Approximants: /w/, /r/, /j/, /l/
- Lateral sounds: /l/, /r/
- Glide sounds: /w/, /j/
Sounds
- Glottal stop occurs in "button", "kitten".
- Alveolar tap occurs in "butter", "stutter".
Simple Tenses
- Simple Present: (verb) + (s or es) for 3rd person; used for general truths, habitual actions, scientific facts.
- Simple Past: (verb) + (ed) or irregular form; for actions at a specific time in the past.
- Simple Future: will/shall + base form; for future actions.
Progressive Tenses
- Present Continuous: is/are/am + -ing verb; for ongoing actions now.
- Past Continuous: was/were + -ing verb; for ongoing actions in the past that were interrupted.
- Future Continuous: will/shall + be + -ing verb; for ongoing actions in the future.
Perfect Tenses
- Present Perfect: has/have + pp; began in the past, still true now.
- Past Perfect: had + pp; action completed before another past action.
- Future Perfect: will/shall + have + pp; completed before some point in the future.
Perfect Continuous Tenses
- Present Perfect Continuous: has/have + been + -ing; started in the past and continues to present.
- Past Perfect Continuous: had + been + -ing; started, continued, ended at some time in the past.
- Future Perfect Continuous: will/shall + have + been + -ing; emphasizes the length or duration of an activity or event, looking back to the past from a point in the future.
Verbals
- Gerunds: -ing words that function as nouns.
- Infinitives: to + verb form that functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
- Participles: word derived from a verb that can be used as an adjective (-ed or -ing form).
Sentence Patterns
- S-IV: Subject - Intransitive Verb
- S-LV-(S)C: Subject - Linking Verb – (Subject) Complement
- S-TV-DO: Subject - Transitive Verb - Direct Object
- S-TV- IO- DO: Subject - Transitive Verb - Indirect Object - Direct Object
- S-TV-DO-IO: Subject - Transitive Verb - Direct Object - Indirect Object
- S-TV-DO - OC: Subject - Transitive Verb - Direct Object - Object Complement
- S-TV-DO - OP: Subject - Transitive Verb - Direct Object - Object Predicate
Types of Sentences
- Compound: 2 Independent Clauses + 1 Coordinating Conjunction (FANBOYS).
- Complex: 1 Dependent Clause, 1 Independent Clause, 1 Subordinating Conjunction.
- Compound-Complex: 1 Dependent Clause, 2 Independent Clauses, 1 Subordinating Conjunction, 1 Coordinating Conjunction.
- Simple: contains a subject and a predicate and expresses one complete thought.
Demonstratives
- Demonstrative Pronoun: replaces a noun.
- Demonstrative Adjective: describes the position of someone or something.
Other Grammatical Concepts
- Relative Pronoun: relates subordinate clauses.
- Markedness: not following the usual "rule" of grammar or language.
- Moods: show the writer's attitude.
- Indicative Mood: states a fact or actuality.
- Imperative Mood: makes a request or command; can be active/passive, but only in present tense.
- Subjunctive Mood: statements contrary to fact; wishes, suggestions, proposals, doubt, possibility.
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Description
Explore vowels, stress, and articulation in phonetics. Understand sentence patterns (S-LV-PN, S-TV-DO) and sentence types. Clarify verb tenses and participle functions in English grammar.
