English Grammar: Tenses - Present Simple and Present Perfect

Study Notes

Used to describe:
- Habitual or regular actions
- General truths or facts
- Permanent situations
Formation:
- Base form of the verb (e.g., I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, they go)
Examples:
- I wake up at 7:00 am every day.
- Water boils at 100°C.
- She lives in Paris.

Used to describe:
- Actions that started in the past and continue up to the present
- Actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past and have a connection to the present
- Experiences or achievements
Formation:
- Has/have + past participle (e.g., I have eaten, you have eaten, he/she/it has eaten, we have eaten, they have eaten)
Examples:
- I have studied English for three years.
- She has just finished her homework.
- They have never been to Japan.

Used to describe:
- Completed actions in the past
- Specific times or dates in the past
Formation:
- Base form of the verb + -ed (e.g., I walked, you walked, he/she/it walked, we walked, they walked)
Examples:
- I went to the movies last night.
- She graduated from college in 2010.
- They moved to New York in 2005.

Used to describe:
- Actions that will be completed at a specific point in the future
- Actions that will be finished before another action in the future
Formation:
- Will have + past participle (e.g., I will have eaten, you will have eaten, he/she/it will have eaten, we will have eaten, they will have eaten)
Examples:
- I will have finished my project by tomorrow.
- They will have learned three languages by the end of the year.
- She will have worked for 10 years by next July.

Describes habitual or regular actions, general truths, and permanent situations
Formed using the base form of the verb
Examples:
- Regular daily routines (e.g., I wake up at 7:00 am every day)
- Universal truths (e.g., Water boils at 100°C)
- Permanent situations (e.g., She lives in Paris)

Describes actions that started in the past and continue up to the present
Describes actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past with a connection to the present
Describes experiences or achievements
Formed using has/have + past participle
Examples:
- Ongoing actions (e.g., I have studied English for three years)
- Recent completed actions (e.g., She has just finished her homework)
- Past experiences (e.g., They have never been to Japan)

Describes completed actions in the past
Describes specific times or dates in the past
Formed using the base form of the verb + -ed
Examples:
- Completed past actions (e.g., I went to the movies last night)
- Past events at specific dates (e.g., She graduated from college in 2010)

Describes actions that will be completed at a specific point in the future
Describes actions that will be finished before another action in the future
Formed using will have + past participle
Examples:
- Future completed actions (e.g., I will have finished my project by tomorrow)
- Future achievements (e.g., They will have learned three languages by the end of the year)