English Grammar: Present Simple and Present Continuous

Study Notes

Used to talk about:
- Habits and routines
- General truths
- Fixed schedules
Form: Base form of the verb (e.g. I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, they go)
Examples:
- I wake up at 7:00 am every day.
- The sun rises in the east.
- The bus leaves at 8:00 am.

Used to talk about:
- Actions happening at the moment of speaking
- Temporary or changing situations
- Trends and developments
Form: am/is/are + present participle (e.g. I am writing, you are reading, he/she/it is studying)
Examples:
- I am studying for my exam right now.
- The company is expanding its business.
- The weather is getting warmer.

Used to talk about:
- Completed actions in the past
- Specific times and dates in the past
- Past habits and routines
Form: Verb in the past tense (e.g. I went, you went, he/she/it went, we went, they went)
Examples:
- I went to the movies last night.
- The Romans built the Colosseum.
- I used to smoke, but I quit.

Used to talk about:
- Actions that will be completed at a specific point in the future
- The consequences of an action that will be completed in the future
Form: will have + past participle (e.g. I will have finished, you will have learned)
Examples:
- I will have finished my degree by next year.
- By 2025, they will have built the new skyscraper.

Used to talk about:
- Actions that happened before another action in the past
- The cause of an action in the past
Form: had + past participle (e.g. I had eaten, you had studied)
Examples:
- I had eaten breakfast before I went to school.
- By the time I arrived, they had already finished their project.

Present:
- Present Simple (e.g. I go)
- Present Continuous (e.g. I am going)
- Present Perfect (e.g. I have gone)
- Present Perfect Continuous (e.g. I have been going)
Past:
- Past Simple (e.g. I went)
- Past Continuous (e.g. I was going)
- Past Perfect (e.g. I had gone)
- Past Perfect Continuous (e.g. I had been going)
Future:
- Future Simple (e.g. I will go)
- Future Continuous (e.g. I will be going)
- Future Perfect (e.g. I will have gone)
- Future Perfect Continuous (e.g. I will have been going)

Used to describe habits, routines, general truths, and fixed schedules
Form: base form of the verb (e.g. I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, they go)
Examples: waking up at 7:00 am every day, sun rising in the east, bus leaving at 8:00 am

Used to describe actions happening at the moment of speaking, temporary or changing situations, and trends
Form: am/is/are + present participle (e.g. I am writing, you are reading, he/she/it is studying)
Examples: studying for an exam right now, a company expanding its business, weather getting warmer

Used to describe completed actions in the past, specific times and dates in the past, and past habits and routines
Form: verb in the past tense (e.g. I went, you went, he/she/it went, we went, they went)
Examples: going to the movies last night, Romans building the Colosseum, used to smoke but quitting

Used to describe actions that will be completed at a specific point in the future and consequences of an action
Form: will have + past participle (e.g. I will have finished, you will have learned)
Examples: finishing a degree by next year, building a new skyscraper by 2025

Used to describe actions that happened before another action in the past and the cause of an action in the past
Form: had + past participle (e.g. I had eaten, you had studied)
Examples: eating breakfast before going to school, finishing a project before arriving

Present: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, and Present Perfect Continuous
Past: Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, and Past Perfect Continuous
Future: Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect, and Future Perfect Continuous