Engineering Utilities 2 - Plumbing Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Match the following drainage system components with their respective definitions:

Main vent = The principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches are connected. Branch vent = A horizontal vent connecting one or more individual back vents with a vent stack or stack vent. Dry vent = A vent that does not carry liquid or water-borne wastes. Stack vent = A vertical vent extending from the drainage system to the outside air.

Match the following types of waste with their respective sources:

Solid waste = Discharged by water closet Liquid waste = Coming from various fixtures Grease waste = Discharged from kitchen sinks Food waste = Discharged from garbage disposals.

Match the following terms with their respective explanations:

DWV = Drainage, Waste, Ventilation Backflow = The flow of used water back into the water supply Siphonage = The removal of water from a trap due to suction Venting = The process of providing a pathway for gases to escape to the atmosphere.

Match the following plumbing code requirements with their respective descriptions:

All pipe joints must be well-fitted and tightly connected = To prevent leakage of gas and liquid The drainage pipe should be graded or inclined properly = For a downward gravity flow of water toward the main sewer line or to septic tank The drainage pipe should be provided with adequate cleanout = Accessible for repair in case of stoppage The drainage system must be vented = To avoid siphonage or back flow of the water seal. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following drainage system requirements with their respective objectives:

Fast removal of the waste = To minimize the risk of clogging and backflow Minimum probability of leakage = To prevent damage to the property and contamination of the environment Prevention of backflow of used water = To protect the water supply from contamination Prevention of the entry of vermin and gases = To ensure a healthy and comfortable living environment. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their respective purposes:

Trap = To prevent the passage of gases from the drainage system to the house Vent stack = To provide a pathway for gases to escape to the atmosphere Cleanout = To allow access for cleaning and repair of the drainage system Back vent = To prevent siphonage of the water seal in fixtures. Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing terms with their definitions:

Plumber = Skilled individual in sanitation Plumbarius = Roman term for lead worker Plumbum = Latin word for lead Epidemics = Outbreaks affecting public health Signup and view all the answers

Match the historical periods with their plumbing characteristics:

Greco-Roman civilization = Development of plumbing was appreciated Collapse of the Roman Empire = Inhibited plumbing and sanitation advancement Renaissance period = Revival of plumbing due to epidemics 17th century = First plumbing apprentice law passed Signup and view all the answers

Match the water supply sources with their descriptions:

Rainfall = Natural source of water Springs = Emerging groundwater Wells = Man-made source of water Rivers = Flowing bodies of water Signup and view all the answers

Match the water conveyance methods with their explanations:

Bamboo pipes = Improvised water conveying material Man-carried = Manual transportation of water Animal-drawn carts = Animals used for transporting water Sleds = Sliding containers for water transport Signup and view all the answers

Match the water storage methods with their types:

Earthen jars = Natural clay containers Wooden containers = Crafted from timber Bamboo containers = Made from bamboo stalks Plastic tanks = Modern synthetic storage option Signup and view all the answers

Match the waste disposal methods with their typical locations:

Rivers = Waterways for dumping waste Seashores = Coastal areas used for waste Creeks = Small streams for disposal Trees = Natural locations for excretion Signup and view all the answers

Match the main objectives of plumbing with their functions:

Supply water = Distribute water throughout the building Discharge human wastes = Remove waste from premises Educate on sanitation = Promote proper waste disposal Construct water systems = Build infrastructure for water supply Signup and view all the answers

Match the conditions for effective water supply with their importance:

Sufficient amount of water = Necessary for all fixtures Accessibility = Easily reached supply points Consistent pressure = Reliable flow for fixtures Maintenance = Ensures longevity of systems Signup and view all the answers

Match the following plumbing terms with their definitions:

Stack = The vertical main of a system of soil, waste, or vent pipings extending through one or more stories. Vent stack = The vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing circulation of air. Wet vent = That portion of a vent pipe through where wastewater also flows through. Waste pipe = A pipe which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste, free of fecal matter. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of vents and pipes with their purposes:

Common vent = An arrangement of venting so one vent pipe serves two traps. Continuous vent = Vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain. Riser = A water supply pipe extending vertically to convey water. Stack vent = The extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following plumbing components with their characteristics:

Trap = Provides a liquid seal preventing the backflow of foul air. Trap seal = The maximum vertical depth of liquid that a trap will retain. Soil pipe = Conveys the discharge of water closet or urinal. Circuit vent = A group vent pipe connecting to the vent stack. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following plumbing terminology with their descriptions:

Branch = Any part of the piping system other than a main or stack. Main = The principal artery of the system where branches are connected. Plumbing fixtures = Devices or appliances supplied with water or liquid-borne wastes. Wet vent = Allows wastewater to flow through the vent pipe. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components with their functions:

Stack = Extends through the roof and serves soil and waste. Stack vent = The uppermost end extending through the roof. Vent stack = Connects air supply for drainage systems. Wet vent = Manages both air circulation and wastewater flow. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following definitions with the correct plumbing terms:

Trap = Prevents backflow of methane gas. Trap seal = Measured from crown weir to top of dip. Soil pipe = Carries discharge from water closets. Common vent = Vent pipe serving two different traps. Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing terms with the relevant components:

Riser = Vertical pipe extending to the fixture. Continuous vent = Connected directly to the drain. Branch = Piping section other than main. Circuit vent = Starts in front of an extreme fixture connection. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following plumbing systems with their characteristics:

Stack = Main component for vertical drainage. Waste pipe = Only conveys liquid waste. Branch = Part of the piping system apart from main. Vent stack = Facilitates air circulation in drainage. Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing components with their descriptions:

Water supply system = Includes pipes and fittings required for potable water supply Air gap, drainage = Vertical distance between waste pipe opening and receptor rim Combination waste and vent system = Waste piping utilizing horizontal wet venting for drains Blind flange = Flange that closes the end of a pipe without passage opening Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing issues with their explanations:

Backflow = Flow of water into potable supply from unintended source Combination fixtures = Fixture combining multiple sinks or trays in one vent Drainage system = Piping conveying sewage to a disposal point Air gap, water distribution = Distance between potable water faucet and tank rim Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing terms with their respective functions:

Vent system = Protects plumbing from siphonage and back pressure Combination fixtures = Incorporates multiple compartments within one unit Public sewer = Serves communities with equal access to wastewater disposal Bibb = Another term for faucet or tap Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing systems with their characteristics:

Battery of fixtures = Discharges waste together from multiple fixtures Drainage system = Internal piping not including public sewer mains Water supply system = Delivers potable water throughout a building Air gap, drainage = Ensures waste does not flow back into plumbing fixtures Signup and view all the answers

Match the definitions with the appropriate plumbing terms:

Back-siphonage = Contaminated water flowing back due to negative pressure Combination waste and vent system = System allowing efficient drainage and venting Public sewer = Sewer system serving multiple users under public governance Blind flange = Seals the end of a pipe with no liquid passage Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing definitions with their correct terms:

Vent system = Allows air circulation in drainage systems Backflow = Unintended flow of water from non-potable source Air gap, water distribution = Distance between faucet and tank to prevent contamination Public sewer = Sewer under public control allowing common access Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing terms with their relevant systems:

Drainage system = Includes all piping for waste disposal Water supply system = Comprises pipes and valves for clean water Combination fixtures = Merges multiple sinks or trays into a single unit Battery of fixtures = Groups of adjacent fixtures discharging into waste line Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing devices with their functions:

Flush valve = A device located at the bottom of the tank for flushing water closet fixtures. Flushometer valve = Discharges a predetermined quantity of water into fixtures for flushing. Relief vent = Provides additional circulation of air between the drainage and vent systems. Loop or circuit vent = Vertical vent connection on a horizontal pipe branch downstream of the last fixture. Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of vents with their descriptions:

Group vent = A branch vent performing functions for two or more traps. Local vent = Conveys foul air from a plumbing fixture or room to the outer air. Re-vent pipe = Connects directly with an individual trap underneath or behind the fixture. Side vent = A vent connecting to the drain pipe at an angle greater than 45°. Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing systems with their components:

Fixture branch = Connects fixture supply pipe to water-distributing pipe. Fixture drain = Joins other drainpipes through a junction. Flushometer valve = Actuated by direct water pressure. Local vent = Encourages air flow to the outer air from fixtures. Signup and view all the answers

Match the plumbing components with their uses:

Fixture supply = Connects the fixture to the fixture branch. Re-vent pipe = Extends to branch or main vent pipe higher than the fixture. Flush valve = For flushing water closet fixtures. Group vent = Manages venting for multiple traps. Signup and view all the answers

Match the vent types with their functions:

Relief vent = Auxiliary vent on specially designed systems. Loop vent = Connects to the stack vent for looping. Circuit vent = Vent stack connection for circuit venting. Local vent = Conveys foul air from a room. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Engineering Utilities 2 - Module 1: Plumbing Fundamentals

Plumbing is the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatus to carry water and dispose of wastewater in buildings.
The concept of plumbing became more developed during the Greco-Roman civilization.
Plumber is a title given to a skilled person in sanitation.
Plumbarius (Roman) and Plumbum (Latin) refer to lead workers, referencing lead as a material in early plumbing.
The Roman Empire's collapse hindered European plumbing development.
Europe experienced epidemics during the Renaissance, which inadvertently spurred the revival of plumbing.
The English Parliament passed the first plumbing apprentice law in the 17th century, followed by France in the 18th century.

Plumbing in the Philippines

Before the 1940s, household plumbing was a luxury item, mainly accessible to the wealthy upper class.
Water supply was mainly reliant on: abundant rainfall, springs, wells, rivers, and creeks.
Water was conveyed through improvised bamboo pipes, carried by humans or animals (carts, sleds).
Water storage used earthen jars, wooden containers, and bamboo containers.
Clean water was recognized as visibly clear.
Waste disposal was handled through excretion into rivers, seashores, creeks, waterways, trees, bushes, and secluded areas.
Pre-modern toilets were simple excavated pits covered with natural materials (coconut trunks, bamboo).
Public health crises sparked programs for sanitation education and water supply system construction.

Objectives of Plumbing

Plumbing's main objectives are to supply water throughout the building and remove/dispose of human waste.
Conditions of an effective water supply involve sufficient water for fixtures and preventing backflow.
Effective drainage systems rapidly remove waste, minimize leakage and stoppage, and prevent pests and harmful gases from entering the building.

Mandatory Requirements for a Drainage System

National Plumbing Codes govern plumbing designs and installations.
All drainage systems must adhere to well-fitted and tightly connected pipe joints to prevent gas or liquid leaks.
Drainage pipes need proper grading and inclination for downward gravity flow to the main sewer or septic tank.
Adequate cleanouts for pipe repair are imperative.
Ventilation pipes are essential to safely convey gases away from buildings.
Suitable traps are needed on fixtures (excluding water closets) to prevent gas backflow.
Venting systems are essential to prevent siphonage and backflow in drainage systems.

Drainage System

Waste is categorized into solid (from water closets) and liquid (from other fixtures).
Drainage piping is of two types: Soil Pipes and Waste Pipes.
Soil pipes carry waste from water closets and other similar fixtures.
Waste pipes convey waste from fixtures other than water closets.
Drainage systems are sometimes abbreviated as DWV (Drainage-Waste-Vent).

Definitions of Terms

Comprehensive explanations and definitions of various plumbing terms are presented, encompassing aspects such as vents, stacks, pipes, fixtures, and more. Specific terms and their application are detailed.

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Description

Explore the essential principles of plumbing in this quiz covering both historical and contemporary aspects. Learn about the development of plumbing from the Greco-Roman era to its significance in the Philippines. Test your knowledge on plumbing materials, methods, and legal frameworks in the trade.