oficina ingles

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Questions and Answers

What documentation is required before construction can begin?

Urban Planning Authorization

Licencia de Apertura

Environmental Impact Report

Technical Project and Work License (correct)

What does a project phase encompass?

An isolated task performed at any time.

Only the final stages of project completion.

A collection of activities culminating in deliverables. (correct)

A sequence of unrelated activities.

Which entity typically finances and promotes a project?

Contractor

Client/Promoter (correct)

Project Manager

Technical Office

In which situation would a classified activity license be required?

For projects needing more than 5 KW and 500 m². Signup and view all the answers

What is required for an opening authorization in a non-urbanizable land?

Final work certificate and municipal certificate. Signup and view all the answers

What is one consequence of civil responsibility in case of negligence by an engineer?

Financial compensation for damages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of an engineer when acting independently?

Paying employee salaries Signup and view all the answers

What is one role of professional colleges and associations for engineers?

To ensure proper professional practice Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following must be verified for a professional work to be visado?

Existence of professional insurance Signup and view all the answers

In the case of penal responsibility, what could result from an engineer's negligence?

Imprisonment and disqualification Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of professional colleges for engineers?

Disciplinary authority over professional conduct Signup and view all the answers

When an engineer works as an employee, who is responsible for social security payments?

The employing company Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following requires mandatory approval?

Construction project execution Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of intellectual property rights?

To protect investments in creative and innovative works Signup and view all the answers

What is a key requirement for obtaining a patent?

The invention must not be obvious Signup and view all the answers

What duration does a patent holder have exclusive rights over their invention?

20 years Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT considered part of industrial property?

Copyright Signup and view all the answers

What is a model of utility?

A protection for minor innovations Signup and view all the answers

Which right does the author NOT have under copyright?

To sell the work indefinitely Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a condition for patentability?

The invention must be commercial Signup and view all the answers

What type of estimate provides accuracy during the initial phase of a project?

Order of Magnitude Estimate Signup and view all the answers

What does BME stand for in a project budget?

Budget for Material Execution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a direct cost of construction?

Material costs Signup and view all the answers

What are indirect costs in a project budget?

General nonspecific expenses not associated with particular units Signup and view all the answers

How is the contractor's charge calculated according to the project budget?

PC = PEM + GG + BI Signup and view all the answers

What percentage range is typically used for general expenses in a project budget?

13% to 17% Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Beneficio Industrial' refer to in project budgets?

Percentage set aside for contractor profit Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Oficina Técnica?

To develop projects using scientific and technological knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What year was the 'Escuela de Matemáticas y Delineación' established to train military engineers in Spain?

1583 Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the activities that certain professionals are legally allowed to perform?

Attribution Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a regulated profession in Spain?

There are defined legal prerequisites for practice Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an exclusive attribution in the context of professional activities?

High voltage installation Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates a profession based on licenses from an accredited profession?

Licenses involve exams after practical learning and studies Signup and view all the answers

Which type of professional group is formed to defend and regulate the activities of its members?

Professional college Signup and view all the answers

In Spain, what does the term 'office technique' refer to?

A center for developing scientific and technological projects Signup and view all the answers

What type of employment characterizes a liberal profession?

Self-employment with client contracts Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Municipal Activity License?

To allow development after evaluation and compliance with corrective measures Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following aspects are regulated by the LOE?

Roles and responsibilities of agents involved in construction Signup and view all the answers

What are the requirements outlined in the Code of Technical Building?

Functionality, safety, and habitability Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'as built' documentation refer to?

Final project documentation with modifications made during construction Signup and view all the answers

Which role is responsible for financing and programming construction projects?

Promotor Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Program of Needs in a construction project?

To provide a base for the proyectista's work Signup and view all the answers

What does the Terms of Conditions document regulate?

Rights, obligations, and guarantees among parties involved in the project Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized during the cost estimation phase of a construction project?

Balancing costs and risks while refining estimates Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Topic 1: General Presentation

Engineering in Spain: The "Escuela de Matemáticas y Delineación" was created in 1583 to train military engineers, followed by officially recognized engineers in 1711. The Real Instituto Industrial in Madrid (1850) became the origin of industrial engineering studies.
Concepts: Engineering is a regulated profession with specific tasks, duties, and expectations (competencies). Titles and qualifications are protected by law. Colleges represent, oversee, and defend these professionals. Associations unite professionals within specific fields.
Types of Work: Professionals can work in the public or private sector. Independent contractors are considered part of the liberal professions, while those working under employment are subject to the constraints and guidelines of that position.

Topic 2: Technical Project

Project Definition: A project is defined by written documents, calculations, and drawings specifying the scope, cost, and design. It's a temporary effort to create a unique product or service.
Project Characteristics: Projects are typically complex, multidisciplinary efforts requiring varied expertise, and usually aren't easily reversed.
Project Life Cycles: Projects have a defined start and end.
Project Agents: Clients, promoters, engineers, contractors, and project managers are involved in various parts of the effort.

Topic 3: Construction Permits

Authorizations: Construction requires urban planning and activity licenses. Permits are given by municipalities authorizing the execution of the projected work after confirming its legality. These authorizations are governed by environmental laws and impact assessments.
Environmental Regulations: Projects require environmental impact assessments for regulations compliant implementation.

Topic 4: Project in Building Construction

Legal Framework: The Law 38/1999 governs building construction.

Topic 5: Budget Estimation

Cost Estimation: Project budgets estimate costs at various stages, becoming more accurate as the project progresses.
Direct & Indirect Costs: Calculations include material costs, labor, and overhead.
Project Costs: In addition to material costs, projects have overhead costs, indirect costs, and other charges.

Topic 6: Exercising the Profession

Types of Professions: Professions can be regulated or unregulated, liberal or employ-based, offering varied work arrangements and opportunities.
Essential Role of Professional Organizations: Professional organizations are responsible for defending and overseeing the standards of regulated professions.
Professional Licensing Requirements/Regulations: Rigorous legal frameworks apply to regulated professionals, with licensing or certification potentially required based on job duties.

Topic 7: Industrial Property

Types of Industrial Property: This includes industrial property rights (patents and designs protecting inventions, designs, brands and names).
Secrecy in Industrial Property: Confidential business information can be protected through trade secret laws.

Topic 8: Production Process

Plant Operation: The physical structure and layout of the production area (facility).
Production Processes: Manufacturing and service-providing activities involved in creating goods or services.
Production Capacity: The volume of output which can be generated as determined by current resources.
Plant Layout: The arrangement and organization of equipment and personnel.

Topic 9: Project Safety

Work Accidents: Project safety encompasses all accident prevention measures, recognizing that accidents can occur while undertaking a job.
CE Marking: Regulatory certification indicating that items meet a safety standard.
Severity of Injuries: Injuries may range from minor to severe (even fatalities), varying in their potential for recovery and long-term impact.

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Description

This quiz covers the historical development of engineering in Spain, including the establishment of key institutions and the regulatory aspects of the profession. It also explores the definition of a technical project and its essential components. Discover the various roles engineers play in both public and private sectors.