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Questions and Answers
The textbook used in the course is titled 'Materials Selection in Mechanical Design'.
The textbook used in the course is titled 'Materials Selection in Mechanical Design'.
True
One of the objectives of the course is to focus solely on the costs associated with engineering materials.
One of the objectives of the course is to focus solely on the costs associated with engineering materials.
False
The course aims to introduce students to various classes of engineering materials.
The course aims to introduce students to various classes of engineering materials.
True
Students will learn about selecting materials based solely on physical appearance.
Students will learn about selecting materials based solely on physical appearance.
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The course is designed to help students understand the concept of designing with materials.
The course is designed to help students understand the concept of designing with materials.
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Elastomers have a stiffness that is 500 – 5000 times greater than those of metals.
Elastomers have a stiffness that is 500 – 5000 times greater than those of metals.
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Hybrid materials are created by combining two or more materials to achieve improved properties.
Hybrid materials are created by combining two or more materials to achieve improved properties.
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Mechanical design encompasses characteristics such as physical properties and customer appeal.
Mechanical design encompasses characteristics such as physical properties and customer appeal.
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All natural materials can be classified as hybrids.
All natural materials can be classified as hybrids.
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Adaptive design refers to completely new ideas in the design process.
Adaptive design refers to completely new ideas in the design process.
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The aesthetics in design include aspects such as pattern, form, and texture.
The aesthetics in design include aspects such as pattern, form, and texture.
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Hybrid components are known for being inexpensive and easy to form.
Hybrid components are known for being inexpensive and easy to form.
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Variant design involves changing the function of a product.
Variant design involves changing the function of a product.
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The analysis of a technical system requires breaking it down into assemblies and components.
The analysis of a technical system requires breaking it down into assemblies and components.
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Material selection occurs at the level of the entire technical system rather than at the component level.
Material selection occurs at the level of the entire technical system rather than at the component level.
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Standard components, like a wood screw, can be made from different materials.
Standard components, like a wood screw, can be made from different materials.
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A screw can only be made of mild steel.
A screw can only be made of mild steel.
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The designer must consider the interaction between function, material, shape, and processing route.
The designer must consider the interaction between function, material, shape, and processing route.
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Soda-lime glass typically contains 70% SiO2.
Soda-lime glass typically contains 70% SiO2.
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Components are not important in the design of a technical system.
Components are not important in the design of a technical system.
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Borosilicate glass has a higher coefficient of expansion than soda-lime glass.
Borosilicate glass has a higher coefficient of expansion than soda-lime glass.
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Polymers generally have densities greater than those of metals.
Polymers generally have densities greater than those of metals.
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The shape of a component is irrelevant to its function and material.
The shape of a component is irrelevant to its function and material.
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Each assembly is made up of multiple components.
Each assembly is made up of multiple components.
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The strength of a polymer can be affected by temperature changes.
The strength of a polymer can be affected by temperature changes.
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Complicated parts can be moulded from a polymer in a single operation.
Complicated parts can be moulded from a polymer in a single operation.
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Polymers maintain useful strength at temperatures above 150ºC.
Polymers maintain useful strength at temperatures above 150ºC.
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PE, PP, and PEEK are examples of types of metals.
PE, PP, and PEEK are examples of types of metals.
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Polyesters and epoxies fall under the category of polymers.
Polyesters and epoxies fall under the category of polymers.
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An original design requires the consideration of multiple possible solutions before a final choice is made.
An original design requires the consideration of multiple possible solutions before a final choice is made.
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New products are always dependent on the development of new materials.
New products are always dependent on the development of new materials.
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Adaptive design focuses on making large-scale changes to existing products.
Adaptive design focuses on making large-scale changes to existing products.
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Gas turbine technologies have contributed to the creation of new metallic alloys.
Gas turbine technologies have contributed to the creation of new metallic alloys.
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Market share can be affected by a manufacturer's ability to utilize new materials in their products.
Market share can be affected by a manufacturer's ability to utilize new materials in their products.
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Variant design involves altering the function of a product while changing its dimensions.
Variant design involves altering the function of a product while changing its dimensions.
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Polymers have been adopted to replace various metals in household goods through adaptive design.
Polymers have been adopted to replace various metals in household goods through adaptive design.
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High temperature alloys are utilized in the manufacturing of household appliances.
High temperature alloys are utilized in the manufacturing of household appliances.
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Metals have relatively low stiffness, measured by the modulus, E.
Metals have relatively low stiffness, measured by the modulus, E.
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Plastics are classified into thermoplastics and thermosets.
Plastics are classified into thermoplastics and thermosets.
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Ceramics only include oxides and nitrides.
Ceramics only include oxides and nitrides.
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Ferrous metals include steel and cast iron.
Ferrous metals include steel and cast iron.
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Composite materials are made from a single type of material.
Composite materials are made from a single type of material.
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The classification of engineering materials includes metals, plastics, ceramics, and composites.
The classification of engineering materials includes metals, plastics, ceramics, and composites.
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The modulus of elasticity is a measure of a material's resistance to deformation.
The modulus of elasticity is a measure of a material's resistance to deformation.
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Elastomers are a type of metal used in engineering applications.
Elastomers are a type of metal used in engineering applications.
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The study of material selection includes developing strategies for multi-constraint problems.
The study of material selection includes developing strategies for multi-constraint problems.
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Diamond is considered a type of composite material.
Diamond is considered a type of composite material.
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Study Notes
Engineering Material Selection - CH 560
- Course taught by Prof. Yehia M. Youssef
- Textbook: Ashby, M.F., "Materials Selection in Mechanical Design", 5th ed., Butterworth-Heineman, 2017
- Other References:
- Ashby, M., Shercliff, H., and Cebon, D., "Materials: Engineering Science, Processing & Design", 3rd ed., Butterworth-Heineman, 2013
- Budinski, K.G., and Budinski, M.K., "Engineering Materials: Properties and selection", 8th ed., Prentice Hall, 2005
Aims & Objectives
- Provide students with basic knowledge of different engineering materials' structure and properties.
- Introduce different classes of engineering materials, including newer materials.
- Enable students to understand material selection concepts and criteria for specific engineering applications.
Outlines
- W1: General Introduction, Classification of Engineering Materials
- W2: The Design Process
- W3: Mechanical System Design Concepts
- W4: Material Properties summarized on Materials Selection Charts
- W5: Developing a systematic strategy for material Selection in a given component Case 1
- W6: Developing a systematic strategy for material Selection in a given component Case 2
- W7: Exam
- W8: Formal procedures and main principles of materials selection using state-of-the-art selection charts
- W9: Formal procedures and main principles of materials selection using state-of-the-art selection charts
- W10: Material selection for multi-constraint and compound objective problems
- W11: Optimal material selection factoring cross-sectional shape of the component
- W12: Exam
- W13: Case studies in material selection for various practical engineering applications
- W14: Case studies in material selection for various practical engineering applications
- W15: Review
- W16: Final Exam
Classification of Engineering Materials
- Metals: Ferrous (Steels, Stainless steels, Tool & die steels, Cast irons), Nonferrous (Aluminum, Copper, Titanium, Tungsten, others), Amorphous
- Plastics: Thermoplastics (Acrylics, ABS, Polycarbonates, Nylons, Polyethylene, PVC, Others), Elastomers (Rubbers, Silicones, Polyurethanes), Thermosets (Epoxies, Phenolics, Polyimides, Others)
- Ceramics: Oxides, Nitrides, Carbides, Glasses, Glass Ceramics, Diamond/Graphite
- Composites: Reinforced-plastics, Metal-matrix, Ceramic-matrix, Laminates
Comparison of Material Properties
- Metals & Alloys: Good conductors of heat and electricity, Low cost, Strong, Easy to form
- Plastics: Plasticity, Light weight, Wide choice of colors, Low electrical conductivity, Waterproof, Inexpensive
- Composites: Strong, Light weight
- Ceramics: Strong, High-temperature strength, Low thermal and electrical conductivity, Resistance to wear
Different Classes of Engineering Materials
- Metals: Relatively high stiffness (measured by modulus E), most are soft and easily deformed when pure. Strengthened by alloying and mechanical/heat treatments. Good thermal/electrical conductivity, reactive and corrode readily.
- Ceramics: Non-metallic, inorganic solids. Stiff, hard, abrasion-resistant, retain strength at high temps, good corrosion resistance. Brittle, low fracture toughness. Good electrical insulators.
- Glasses: Non-crystalline (amorphous) solids. Soda-lime, borosilicate (Pyrex). Hard, corrosion-resistant, excellent electrical insulators, transparent to light, but brittle.
- Polymers: Organic solids based on long carbon chains. Low density, floppy (low modulus E). Strength per unit weight comparable to metals. Properties depend on temperature (tough/flexible at room temp, brittle/rubbery at extremes).
- Elastomers: Polymers with extremely low (500-5000x less than metals) stiffness, and ability to stretch and recover shape. Can be strong and tough. (e.g., isoprene, neoprene, butyl rubber, natural rubber, silicones, EVA)
- Hybrids: Combination of two or more materials. (e.g., glass and carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP), sandwich structures, foams, laminates)
The Design Process
- Scope - Good Mechanical Design, including the role of materials, physical properties, proper functioning, production, and industrial design ((aesthetics: pattern, form, colour, texture, customer appeal)).
- Types of Design -Original – new working principle (e.g., a compact disk, a flash disk). High-purity silicon (transistors), high-purity glass (optical fibers) -Adaptive – refinement of a working principle using new materials (e.g. polymers replacing metals in household goods, carbon fibers replacing wood in sports goods) -Variant – change scale/dimension/design detail (e.g., airplane/boiler sizes and materials are adjusted according to size)
- Technical Systems - assemblies and components put together to perform a function. Material selection occurs at the component level (Example: bicycle-wheel)
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of engineering materials in this quiz based on CH 560 taught by Prof. Yehia M. Youssef. Learn about the classification, properties, and selection criteria of various engineering materials, including modern innovations. This assessment is designed to reinforce your understanding of material selection for engineering applications.
