Engineering Geology Fundamentals
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the location of an earthquake center within the Earth's crust or mantle?

  • Hypocenter (correct)
  • Benioff zone
  • Epicenter
  • Fault zone
  • Which type of faulting occurs when rocks slide past each other due to shear stress?

  • Normal faulting
  • Convergent faulting
  • Reverse faulting
  • Strike-slip faulting (correct)
  • What type of plate boundary is associated with subduction of oceanic crust and deep earthquakes?

  • Intraplate boundary
  • Convergent boundary (correct)
  • Divergent boundary
  • Transform boundary
  • In a reverse fault, which block of crust moves upward relative to the other under compressional forces?

    <p>Hanging-wall block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does tension play in the formation of normal faults?

    <p>Pulls rocks apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone allows seismologists to map out a subduction zone by tracking seismic activity?

    <p>Benioff zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of engineering geology?

    <p>Application of geologic knowledge in civil engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which geological hazard is NOT mentioned in the text?

    <p>Wildfires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do engineers respond to soft ground and settlement issues?

    <p>Foundation design to redistribute loading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective when dealing with unstable slopes and potential sliding?

    <p>Avoiding the hazard zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a key aspect considered for potential earthquake hazards?

    <p>Structural design to withstand vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential to understand in order to grasp plate tectonics?

    <p>Chemical composition and physical characteristics of Earth's layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What branch of geology deals with understanding the origin and development of Earth throughout its 4.6-billion-year history?

    <p>Historical Geology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In geology, what does petrology specifically focus on?

    <p>The mode of formation, structure, and types of rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of geology examines the materials that compose the Earth and the processes operating on and beneath its surface?

    <p>Physical Geology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does structural geology primarily study in terms of geological features?

    <p>The causes and classification of geological structures like folds and faults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of geology is concerned with the mode of formation, composition, occurrence, properties, and uses of minerals?

    <p>Mineralogy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the study of geology significant in areas like Geodetic Engineering?

    <p>To analyze and utilize construction materials effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

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