Engineering Geology Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the location of an earthquake center within the Earth's crust or mantle?

  • Hypocenter (correct)
  • Benioff zone
  • Epicenter
  • Fault zone

Which type of faulting occurs when rocks slide past each other due to shear stress?

  • Normal faulting
  • Convergent faulting
  • Reverse faulting
  • Strike-slip faulting (correct)

What type of plate boundary is associated with subduction of oceanic crust and deep earthquakes?

  • Intraplate boundary
  • Convergent boundary (correct)
  • Divergent boundary
  • Transform boundary

In a reverse fault, which block of crust moves upward relative to the other under compressional forces?

<p>Hanging-wall block (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does tension play in the formation of normal faults?

<p>Pulls rocks apart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which zone allows seismologists to map out a subduction zone by tracking seismic activity?

<p>Benioff zone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of engineering geology?

<p>Application of geologic knowledge in civil engineering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which geological hazard is NOT mentioned in the text?

<p>Wildfires (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do engineers respond to soft ground and settlement issues?

<p>Foundation design to redistribute loading (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective when dealing with unstable slopes and potential sliding?

<p>Avoiding the hazard zone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a key aspect considered for potential earthquake hazards?

<p>Structural design to withstand vibration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to understand in order to grasp plate tectonics?

<p>Chemical composition and physical characteristics of Earth's layers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What branch of geology deals with understanding the origin and development of Earth throughout its 4.6-billion-year history?

<p>Historical Geology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In geology, what does petrology specifically focus on?

<p>The mode of formation, structure, and types of rocks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of geology examines the materials that compose the Earth and the processes operating on and beneath its surface?

<p>Physical Geology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does structural geology primarily study in terms of geological features?

<p>The causes and classification of geological structures like folds and faults (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of geology is concerned with the mode of formation, composition, occurrence, properties, and uses of minerals?

<p>Mineralogy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the study of geology significant in areas like Geodetic Engineering?

<p>To analyze and utilize construction materials effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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