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Define Cylinder Arrangement
Define Cylinder Arrangement
Refers to the position of the cylinders in relation to the crankshaft.
Name the four basic cylinder arrangements.
Name the four basic cylinder arrangements.
Inline, V-type, W-type, and Opposed.
The cylinders of a(n) _________ engine are lined up in a single row.
The cylinders of a(n) _________ engine are lined up in a single row.
Inline
The _______ consists of two cylinder banks that form a "V" but the cylinders in each bank are offset, forming a second, very narrow "V".
The _______ consists of two cylinder banks that form a "V" but the cylinders in each bank are offset, forming a second, very narrow "V".
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Cylinders of a(n) _________ engine lie flat on either side of the crankshaft.
Cylinders of a(n) _________ engine lie flat on either side of the crankshaft.
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Normally, car and truck engines have either _________ cylinders.
Normally, car and truck engines have either _________ cylinders.
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A greater number of cylinders generally ________ engine smoothness and power.
A greater number of cylinders generally ________ engine smoothness and power.
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A(n) _________ cylinder engine produces twice as many power strokes per crank revolution as a(n) ________ cylinder engine.
A(n) _________ cylinder engine produces twice as many power strokes per crank revolution as a(n) ________ cylinder engine.
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Why do engine manufacturers number each engine cylinder?
Why do engine manufacturers number each engine cylinder?
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Cylinder numbers are normally stamped on an engine's ______ rods or they are sometimes cast into the ________.
Cylinder numbers are normally stamped on an engine's ______ rods or they are sometimes cast into the ________.
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Explain how a liquid cooling system operates.
Explain how a liquid cooling system operates.
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___________ cooled engines are seldom used in passenger cars.
___________ cooled engines are seldom used in passenger cars.
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An air cooling system circulates air over _________ on the cylinders to prevent overheating.
An air cooling system circulates air over _________ on the cylinders to prevent overheating.
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An engine can be classified by the type of _________ it burns.
An engine can be classified by the type of _________ it burns.
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Name at least three types of fuels used in automotive engines.
Name at least three types of fuels used in automotive engines.
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What are two most common types of fuel for vehicles?
What are two most common types of fuel for vehicles?
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Explain the difference between a spark ignition engine and a compression ignition engine.
Explain the difference between a spark ignition engine and a compression ignition engine.
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Gasoline engines use _________ ignition.
Gasoline engines use _________ ignition.
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A diesel engine is a(n) ________ ignition engine.
A diesel engine is a(n) ________ ignition engine.
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A(n) __________ engine has both the intake and exhaust valves in the block.
A(n) __________ engine has both the intake and exhaust valves in the block.
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A(n) _______ engine has both valves in the cylinder head.
A(n) _______ engine has both valves in the cylinder head.
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What type of valve-camshaft arrangement is illustrated below?
What type of valve-camshaft arrangement is illustrated below?
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What type of valve-camshaft arrangement is illustrated below?
What type of valve-camshaft arrangement is illustrated below?
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Name the two basic locations for the engine camshaft.
Name the two basic locations for the engine camshaft.
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A(n) ______ engine uses push rods to transfer motion to the rocker arms and valves and a(n) ________ engine has the camshaft in the cylinder head.
A(n) ______ engine uses push rods to transfer motion to the rocker arms and valves and a(n) ________ engine has the camshaft in the cylinder head.
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A(n) ______ engine has only one camshaft per cylinder head.
A(n) ______ engine has only one camshaft per cylinder head.
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The _____ arrangement is frequently used in engines equipped with four-valve combustion chambers.
The _____ arrangement is frequently used in engines equipped with four-valve combustion chambers.
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List the four types of combustion chamber designs.
List the four types of combustion chamber designs.
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The _________ combustion chamber has valve heads that are almost parallel to the top of the piston.
The _________ combustion chamber has valve heads that are almost parallel to the top of the piston.
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In a(n) _______ combustion chamber, the spark plug is located near the center.
In a(n) _______ combustion chamber, the spark plug is located near the center.
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A(n) _________ combustion chamber is designed to cause the air-fuel mixture to spin, as it enters from the ________ port.
A(n) _________ combustion chamber is designed to cause the air-fuel mixture to spin, as it enters from the ________ port.
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The extra valves in a(n) _________ combustion chamber increase flow in and out of the chamber.
The extra valves in a(n) _________ combustion chamber increase flow in and out of the chamber.
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A three-valve combustion chamber has ________ intake valve(s) and ________ exhaust valve(s).
A three-valve combustion chamber has ________ intake valve(s) and ________ exhaust valve(s).
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Study Notes
Cylinder Arrangement
- Cylinder arrangement refers to the position of the cylinders in relation to the crankshaft.
- Four basic cylinder arrangements include inline, V-type, W-type, and opposed.
Engine Configuration
- Inline engines line up all cylinders in a single row.
- W-type engines consist of two cylinder banks forming a narrow "V" with offset cylinders.
- Opposed engines have cylinders lying flat on either side of the crankshaft.
Cylinder Count and Engine Performance
- Typical car and truck engines have 4, 6, or 8 cylinders.
- More cylinders generally increase engine smoothness and power.
- An 8-cylinder engine produces twice the number of power strokes per crank revolution compared to a 4-cylinder engine.
Cylinder Numbering
- Engine manufacturers number each cylinder to aid technicians during repairs.
- Cylinder numbers are often stamped on connecting rods or cast into the intake manifold.
Cooling Systems
- Liquid cooling systems surround the cylinder with coolant to transfer combustion heat away from the engine block.
- Air-cooled engines use air circulation over cooling fins on cylinders to prevent overheating and are seldom used in passenger cars.
Fuel Types
- Engines can be classified by the fuel they burn, including liquefied petroleum gas, gasohol, and pure alcohol.
- The two most common fuels for vehicles are gasoline and diesel.
Ignition Types
- Spark ignition engines use an electric arc at the spark plug to ignite fuel.
- Compression ignition engines compress air in the combustion chamber until hot enough to ignite fuel.
- Gasoline engines utilize spark ignition, while diesel engines operate with compression ignition.
Engine Valve Configurations
- L-head engines have both intake and exhaust valves in the block, while I-head engines have both in the cylinder head.
- There are two basic locations for the engine camshaft: in the block and in the cylinder head.
- Cam-in-block engines use push rods to transfer motion to the rocker arms, whereas overhead cam engines position the camshaft in the cylinder head.
Camshaft Types
- Single overhead cam engines have one camshaft per cylinder head.
- Dual overhead cam arrangements are commonly found in engines with four-valve combustion chambers.
Combustion Chamber Designs
- Four types of combustion chamber designs include pancake, wedge, hemispherical, and pent-roof.
- Pancake combustion chambers feature valve heads almost parallel to the piston.
- Hemispherical combustion chambers place the spark plug near the center.
- Swirl combustion chambers are designed to spin the air-fuel mixture as it enters from the intake port.
- Four-valve combustion chambers enhance flow efficiency with additional valves.
- Three-valve combustion chambers consist of 2 intake valves and 1 exhaust valve.
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Description
This quiz focuses on Chapter 12 of Engine Design, covering key terms and definitions related to cylinder arrangements. Learn about various configurations such as inline, V-type, W-type, and opposed arrangements through flashcards. Perfect for students looking to strengthen their understanding of engine design fundamentals.
