Energy: Work and Force

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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately describes energy?

  • Energy is the measurement of an object's mass.
  • Energy is a type of matter.
  • Energy is only found in living things.
  • Energy is the capacity to perform work. (correct)

In science, the term 'work' refers to any activity that requires physical effort, regardless of whether it causes displacement or movement of an object.

False (B)

Define 'force' and provide an example of how it affects an object.

Force is a push or pull upon an object that results from its interaction with another object; an example could be a person pushing a box across the floor.

________ energy is released by the heating elements when making toast.

<p>heat and light</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the energy form with its source or application:

<p>Mechanical Energy = Movement of objects Thermal Energy = Heat transfer Nuclear Energy = Fission inside Earth's core Electromagnetic Energy = Visible light</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best example of 'work' being done in a scientific sense?

<p>Wind blowing, causing a sailboat to move across a lake. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Living things do not require energy to perform tasks such as breathing and thinking.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why the act of kicking a soccer ball demonstrates both force and work.

<p>Kicking a soccer ball involves force, which is the push exerted by the foot, and results in work as the ball moves (displacement) in the direction of the force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The motion of toast when it springs up from a toaster is an example of _______ energy.

<p>kinetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the object with the type of energy it primarily uses or demonstrates:

<p>Moving car = Mechanical Melting ice cream = Thermal Power lines = Electrical Striking a match = Chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best demonstrates the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy?

<p>A stretched rubber band being released. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an object is stationary, it has no energy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why breathing requires energy.

<p>Breathing requires energy because the diaphragm and other respiratory muscles must contract and relax to move air in and out of the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ is a force that acts upon an object.

<p>push or pull</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each form of energy to its description:

<p>Chemical Energy = Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds. Electrical Energy = Energy caused by moving electric charges. Thermal Energy = Energy of moving or vibrating molecules. Kinetic Energy = Energy of motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these activities does NOT involve the conversion of energy?

<p>A rock sitting still on the ground. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pushing harder on a stationary wall until you are exhausted is 'work' in the physics sense.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'force' relate to the everyday activity of opening a door?

<p>Opening a door involves applying a force (a push or pull) to the door, which causes it to move from a closed position to an open position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Energy is required to move the rope in a game of ________.

<p>tug-of-war</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the form of energy with its realistic example:

<p>Kinetic = A ball rolling down a hill. Potential = Water held behind a dam. Thermal = A hot stove burner. Electrical = Lightning during a storm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following provides the best example of energy?

<p>A flowing river turning a water wheel. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Only non-living things possess energy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the relationship between force and the movement of falling leaves.

<p>The force of wind causes the falling leaves to move. The leaves themselves are very light, making them susceptible to small interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Force can be either a ________ or ________.

<p>push, pull</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the energy category to its real-world implementation:

<p>Mechanical = Piston in an engine Chemical = Photosynthesis from a plant Nuclear = Nuclear fission Electromagnetic = The sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is energy?

The ability to do work. It explains how objects change or move.

Work (in science)

In science, work is the action that results when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force.

What is force?

A push or pull upon an object, resulting from interaction.

Electrical Energy

Energy that powers toasters.

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Heat and Light Energy

Energy released by heating elements.

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Kinetic Energy

Energy of the toast as it springs up.

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Elastic Potential Energy

Energy of the springs in the toaster.

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Gravitational Potential Energy

Energy of the toast waiting to fall.

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Chemical Potential Energy

Energy stored in bread before toasting.

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Sound Energy

Energy released when springs release.

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Study Notes

  • The lesson focuses on energy and its related concepts
  • The lesson is for Wednesday of Week 1

Learning Objectives

  • By the end of the lesson, you will understand that energy is the ability to do work
  • By the end of the lesson, you will identify that force is a push or pull movement that causes work in action
  • By the end of the lesson, you will identify that all living and non-living things have some form of energy
  • You will be successful if you can define and explain the terms work and force
  • You will be successful if you can identify work in action
  • You will be successful if you can classify different forms of energy from daily life

Key Concepts

  • Energy is defined as the "ability to do work"
  • Energy explains how objects change or move
  • Energy is needed to move the rope in tug-of-war, for example
  • In science, work is the action that results when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force
  • Force is a push or pull upon an object, occurring because of an interaction with another object

Definitions

  • Energy = the ability to do work
  • Force = a push or pull
  • Work = the action that results when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force

Forms of Energy

  • Energy allows you to do things like run, jump, and throw a ball
  • You need energy to survive; for breathing, keeping warm, thinking, and digesting
  • Everything that moves or produces heat requires energy
  • Examples of things requiring energy: Laptops, TVs, and cars
  • An object has energy whenever it can cause a change
  • Most objects have energy in some form

Energy in Making Toast

  • Electrical energy: powers the toaster
  • Heat and light energy: released by the heating elements
  • Kinetic energy: of the toast as it springs up
  • Elastic potential energy: of the springs in the toaster
  • Gravitational potential energy: of the toast in the air
  • Chemical potential energy: stored in the toast
  • Sound energy: sound released when the springs release

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