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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of ATP in chemical work?
Which cellular processes require a steady supply of energy?
What is the role of NADPH in cellular reactions?
What is the original meaning of 'reduction' in the context of redox reactions?
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Which type of work in the cell involves ATP for muscle contraction and cilia movement?
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What is the function of ADP + Pi in relation to ATP?
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What is the main function of NADPH?
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What is the role of ATP synthase in the cell?
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Which process involves the addition of a water molecule to break the phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP?
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What occurs when a phosphate bond in ATP is broken?
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Which molecule contains high-energy phosphate bonds that store and release energy?
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What is the main function of Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP)?
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What type of reaction is Endergonic?
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What occurs when any of the phosphate bonds in ATP are broken or formed?
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Study Notes
Energy and ATP
- ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various cellular processes.
- Cellular processes that require a steady supply of energy include muscle contraction, cilia movement, and biosynthesis.
Redox Reactions and NADPH
- NADPH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is a reducing agent that plays a crucial role in cellular reactions, particularly in anabolic pathways.
- The original meaning of 'reduction' in the context of redox reactions refers to the gain of electrons.
ATP Synthesis and Hydrolysis
- ATP synthase is an enzyme that generates ATP from ADP and Pi (inorganic phosphate) during oxidative phosphorylation.
- The addition of a water molecule to break the phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP is known as hydrolysis.
- When a phosphate bond in ATP is broken, energy is released and can be utilized by the cell.
Energy Storage and Release
- ATP contains high-energy phosphate bonds that store and release energy as needed by the cell.
- When any of the phosphate bonds in ATP are broken or formed, energy is either released or stored.
Nucleotides and Endergonic Reactions
- Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP) is a nucleotide that plays a role in energy signaling and metabolism.
- Endergonic reactions are chemical reactions that require energy input, often in the form of ATP.
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Description
Explore the breakdown and building up of ATP in biological systems, and its role in chemical, transport, and mechanical work such as protein synthesis, membrane transport, and muscle contraction.
