32 Questions
What is the primary source of energy for the ATP-PC system?
Glycogen
Above what percentage of maximum heart rate is the ATP-PC system predominantly used?
95%
What is the byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis in the muscles?
Lactic acid
What is the term for the process of rebuilding ATP and PC stores?
Re-synthesis
How long does the ATP-PC system typically last?
10 seconds
What is the intensity level below which the aerobic system is predominantly used?
70% maximum heart rate
What is the purpose of the ATP-PC system?
To provide energy for high-intensity exercises
What is the result of hydrogen ion accumulation in the muscles?
Fatigue
What is the maximum heart rate percentage that can be sustained for around 90 seconds?
85%
Why does the brain start to experience fatigue when glucose is depleted?
Because the brain needs glucose to function
What is the term for the process of metabolizing fats when glucose is depleted?
Fat Metabolism
How many ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule during anaerobic glycolosis?
2
What is the term for the phenomenon of suddenly feeling exhausted during intense exercise?
Hitting the Wall
What is the primary source of energy for the brain?
Glucose
What happens to the reliance on carbs as intensity increases?
It increases
What is the dominant energy system when oxygen supply meets demand?
Aerobic energy system
What is the result of lack of oxygen during high-intensity exercise?
Lactic acid buildup
What is the highest point at which lactate and hydrogen ions production equals removal?
Lactic inflection point
What is the term for the amount of oxygen that can be taken up, transported, and used by working muscles?
Vo2 Max
What is the effect of aerobic training on the lactic inflection point?
It increases the LIP
What is the term for the excessive post-exercise oxygen consumption?
EPOC
What is the result of anaerobic glycolysis increasing the amount of ATP it rebuilds?
Inhibited muscle control
What dictates which energy system is dominant?
Intensity and duration
What is the term for the point at which oxygen supply does not meet demand?
Oxygen deficit
What is the duration of the stored energy in muscles?
2-3 seconds
What is the primary source of energy for rebuilding ATP?
Phosphocreatine
What is the stored form of carbohydrates in the body?
Glycogen
How much ATP is rebuilt from one PC molecule?
0.7 of an ATP
What is the role of carbohydrates in the energy production process?
They are broken down into glucose
What is the primary purpose of glycogen in the body?
To provide energy for high-intensity exercise
What is the relationship between phosphocreatine and ATP?
Phosphocreatine is used to rebuild ATP
What is the energy source that is synthesized from food sources?
Glycogen
Study Notes
Energy Systems
- As intensity increases, the reliance on carbs (glucose) increases.
- The duration and intensity of an activity dictate which energy system is dominant.
Energy System Interplay
- All energy systems work in unison to provide energy.
- The amount of oxygen that can be taken up, transported, and used by working muscles determines the dominant energy system.
Aerobic System
- The aerobic system is the main way to build ATP when heart rate is below 70%.
- It is the slowest to build ATP.
- When glucose is depleted, the body starts to metabolize fats.
- The brain needs glucose to function.
Anaerobic Glycolysis
- Anaerobic glycolysis has to increase the amount of ATP it rebuilds due to lack of oxygen.
- At this point, lactic acid begins to build up due to lack of oxygen.
- The lactic acid inflection point occurs at 85% MHR.
- Can train to have a higher lactic acid inflection point through aerobic training.
ATP-PC System
- Stored in muscles, ATP-PC system only lasts 2-3 seconds.
- One PC molecule rebuilds 0.7 of an ATP.
- Can be rebuilt aerobically and anaerobically.
- Runs out fast and rebuilds fast.
Energy Systems Comparison
- ATP-PC system: no oxygen used, lasts around 2-3 seconds, and rebuilds fast.
- Anaerobic glycolysis: no oxygen used, lasts around 10 seconds, and produces lactic acid.
- Aerobic system: uses oxygen, lasts around 90 seconds, and is the slowest to build ATP.
Lactic Acid Release
- Lactic acid release inhibits muscle contractions.
- Hydrogen ions, which are produced, can be rebuilt back into ATP or glucose.
Glycogen Breakdown
- Glycogen breaks down fast, but because there is no oxygen, it produces lactic acid.
- If the intensity is below 85% MHR, then H+ may not reach fatigue levels, called hitting the wall.
This quiz explores the relationship between intensity and energy systems. Test your knowledge of how energy systems respond to changes in intensity.
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