Questions and Answers
What are the 3 main energy systems used by the human body?
Phosphagen system, Glycolysis system, Aerobic system
What does ATP and ADP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate and Adenosine diphosphate
How long do the different energy systems last and what activities would use each system?
Phosphagen system - 8-10s - 100m sprint, Glycolysis system - 1.3-1.6mins - 400m swim, 800m race, Aerobic system - unlimited - marathon
How does our muscle use ATP?
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What are the 2 energy systems that work without oxygen?
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What does the Glycolysis system use for fuel?
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What is the basic process of the Glycolytic system?
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What is the basic process of the Aerobic system?
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What is the basic process of the Phosphagen system?
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What happens to the body if the muscles produce more lactic acid than it can transport away and recycle?
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What is VO2max?
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What does VO2 a measure of?
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What are some field tests for the aerobic system?
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What are some of the tests for the glycolytic system?
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What are some of the tests for the Phosphagen system?
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Study Notes
Energy Systems Overview
- Three main energy systems utilized by the human body: Phosphagen system, Glycolysis system (lactic acid), and Aerobic system.
ATP and ADP
- ATP stands for Adenosine triphosphate; ADP stands for Adenosine diphosphate, essential molecules in energy transfer.
Duration and Activities of Energy Systems
- Phosphagen system: Lasts 8-10 seconds, used in 100m sprints and powerlifting.
- Glycolysis system: Lasts 1.3-1.6 minutes, used in activities like 400m swimming and 800m races.
- Aerobic system: Lasts unlimited time, primarily used in marathons.
Muscle ATP Usage
- Muscle utilizes ATP through hydrolysis, splitting the last phosphate group to release energy, converting ATP to ADP.
- Phosphorylation replenishes ATP by adding a phosphate group to ADP.
- Aerobic reactions occur in the presence of oxygen, while anaerobic reactions occur without oxygen.
Oxygen-independent Energy Systems
- Two energy systems function without oxygen: Phosphagen System and Glycolysis System.
Glycolysis System Fuel Sources
- The Glycolysis system relies on blood glucose or stored glycogen for energy.
Glycolytic System Process
- Involves a 10-step process where blood glucose or glycogen is converted into pyruvic acid, creating ATP.
- Pyruvic acid is then converted and stabilized into lactic acid.
Aerobic System Process
- Utilizes carbohydrates, fats, and proteins through the Krebs cycle, producing energy released in the Electron Transport Chain.
Phosphagen System Process
- Combines phosphate and creatine to form phosphocreatine (PCr), which releases energy upon splitting, with the aerobic system rekindling PCr.
Lactic Acidosis Effects
- Excess production of lactic acid can exceed the body's ability to transport and recycle it, leading to increased hydrogen ions and decreased blood pH, resulting in Lactic Acidosis.
VO2max Definition
- VO2max is the maximal capacity of an athlete to intake oxygen, load it into the blood, and deliver it to working muscles for aerobic exercise.
VO2 Measurement Metrics
- VO2 measures include Aerobic Power, Aerobic Capacity, and Maximal Oxygen Uptake.
Aerobic System Field Tests
- Common field tests for the aerobic system include Coopers 12-minute run test, Yo-yo test, Beep test, and Queens College step test.
Glycolytic System Tests
- Tests for the glycolytic system include the 500m rowing erg test and 300m anaerobic run.
Phosphagen System Testing Limitations
- No standard tests for the Phosphagen system exist due to its rapid energy usage exceeding metabolic demands.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the three main energy systems used by the human body. This quiz covers key terms, definitions, and the duration of each system during different activities. Perfect for physical education students and fitness enthusiasts.
