Energy Sources Review: Chapters 8 & 20

Petroleum, natural gas, and coal are all examples of fossil fuels.

The process of separating different components of petroleum based on their boiling points.

The process of splitting an atom's nucleus to release energy.

The process of combining two atomic nuclei to release energy.

A radioactive element used as fuel in nuclear reactors.

Energy derived from the heat within the Earth's core.

A renewable energy source that uses the movement of water, like in rivers or tides, to generate electricity.

A renewable energy source that uses the force of wind to generate electricity.

A renewable energy source that uses sunlight to generate electricity.

A renewable energy source that involves the use of organic matter, like wood or crops, to generate energy.

A type of energy resource that can be replenished over time, such as solar energy or wind energy.

A type of energy resource that cannot be replenished over time, such as fossil fuels or nuclear energy.

A fuel cell that uses hydrogen gas as fuel and produces electricity with water as a byproduct.

A type of smog caused by chemical reactions between pollutants and sunlight.

A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

The maximum number of individuals of a species that a given environment can sustainably support.

The time it takes for the amount of a radioactive substance to reduce to half its original amount.

Energy released from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation.

Devices that convert solar energy into electricity.

Rods used to control the rate of a nuclear reaction by absorbing neutrons.

A type of radiation that consists of high-energy electromagnetic waves.

A type of radiation that consists of high-energy electrons.

A type of radiation that consists of helium nuclei.

The disruption of natural ecosystems caused by the construction and operation of hydroelectric dams.

Energy derived from the movement of water due to the gravitational forces between Earth, the moon, and the sun.

The main byproducts of burning fossil fuels and biomass include:

Fossil fuels are formed from the decomposition of ancient plants and animals over millions of years.

The process that occurs in both nuclear fusion and fission, where matter is converted into energy.

Neutrons can cause other substances to become radioactive through a process called neutron activation.

The amount of a substance that is left after each half-life is halved. After 72 days, 12.5 g of the original 100 g would remain.