Energy Sources and Environmental Impact

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Questions and Answers

What is a common disadvantage of fossil fuels and biomass?

  • Excessive water usage
  • Limited availability
  • Emission of carbon dioxide (correct)
  • High cost of extraction

Which element is known to have 3 million times the energy of an equal amount of coal?

  • Uranium-238
  • Uranium-235 (correct)
  • Plutonium
  • Thorium

Approximately what percentage of electricity in the United States is derived from fossil fuels?

  • 45%
  • 100%
  • 85% (correct)
  • 70%

What process is utilized to extract diesel and other oil products from petroleum?

<p>Fractional distillation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of using hydrogen fuel cells?

<p>High manufacturing cost (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for hydroelectric power?

<p>Moving water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major by-product of burning fossil fuels?

<p>Carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is typically used as fuel in a nuclear reactor?

<p>Uranium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during both nuclear fusion and fission?

<p>Matter is changed to energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the environmental disadvantage of hydroelectric dams?

<p>Disruption of ecosystems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device uses solar energy for electricity production?

<p>Solar panels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

<p>Control the nuclear reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result after 72 days if you start with 100 g of Thorium-234, which has a half-life of 24 days?

<p>12.5 g (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Disadvantage of Fossil Fuels and Biomass

Fossil fuels and biomass both release carbon dioxide when burned, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.

Fractional Distillation

Fractional distillation is a process that separates different components of petroleum based on their boiling points, resulting in fuels like diesel, gasoline, and kerosene.

Nuclear Energy

Nuclear energy is a non-renewable energy source that utilizes nuclear fission to release energy from uranium-235, a highly energy-dense element.

Hydrogen Fuel Cells

Hydrogen fuel cells produce energy by reacting hydrogen with oxygen, creating electricity and releasing only water as a by-product, making it a clean energy source.

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Geothermal Energy

Geothermal energy is a sustainable energy source that harnesses the heat energy from the Earth's interior, typically through hot springs and geothermal vents.

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Hydroelectric Power Source

Moving water like rivers or tides.

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Tidal Energy

Water that flows due to gravitational forces among Earth, its Moon, and the Sun.

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Solar Panels

Devices that use solar energy (radiant energy) to produce electricity.

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Nuclear Fission

The process of splitting an atom's nucleus to release energy.

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Nuclear Fusion

The process of combining two atomic nuclei to release energy.

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Half-Life

The time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay.

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Control Rod

A material that is able to absorb neutrons, slowing down a nuclear reaction.

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Carrying Capacity

When a species reaches a point where it cannot grow any further due to limited resources.

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