Energy in Metabolism Quiz

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What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

To provide structural support to the cell

To produce ATP for cellular respiration

To store energy in the form of glycogen

To act as a selective barrier (correct)

Why do plants primarily store energy as starch?

To utilize amylose and amylopectin for energy production (correct)

Because starch is easily converted into muscle ATP

Because starch is more efficient for energy storage in animals

To transport glucose efficiently within plant cells

What type of fuel would be primarily used by an athlete competing in a 100m sprint?

CO2 and heat

Muscle ATP and glycogen (correct)

Amino acids

Fatty acids

Why do animals like humans store energy as glycogen instead of starch like plants?

Glycogen is more readily available for quick energy release Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mitochondria in cells?

To generate ATP through cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

How do proteins contribute to the function of the cell membrane?

By acting as a selective barrier and allowing compounds to pass through Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

They have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions Signup and view all the answers

What property allows membrane barriers to be selectively permeable?

They have fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules are transported through the membrane using transport proteins?

Polar molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Forming transport proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which infectious disease is caused by a coronavirus?

COVID-19 Signup and view all the answers

Why is energy essential for living organisms?

To drive metabolic processes and perform work Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in cells?

To power cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main requirements for an ideal fuel molecule?

High energy density, compact storage, and easy conversion to useful forms Signup and view all the answers

Which type of macromolecule is the primary energy store in the human body?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

Why are lipids preferred over carbohydrates as energy storage molecules?

Lipids have a higher energy density than carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the role of enzymes in metabolism?

Enzymes help speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?

Joining Okazaki fragments together into a continuous strand Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing short RNA primers during DNA replication?

Primase Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Okazaki fragments in DNA replication?

Serve as templates for new DNA synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the replication of viral genetic material within a host cell?

Replication Signup and view all the answers

What does PCR stand for in molecular biology techniques?

Polymerase Chain Reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is essential for the initiation of DNA replication by unwinding the double helix?

Helicase Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing short RNA primers during DNA replication?

Primase Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, which strand contains Okazaki fragments?

Lagging strand Signup and view all the answers

How do viruses replicate their genetic material?

They use enzymes from the host cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?

It synthesizes new DNA strands Signup and view all the answers

What is PCR and what is it used for?

PCR is a method used to amplify specific DNA sequences Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is primarily responsible for the synthesis of RNA primers during DNA replication?

Primase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the replication of an enveloped RNA virus?

It produces a single-stranded RNA genome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

Amplifying DNA without the need for many enzymes Signup and view all the answers

How does PCR help in testing for Coronavirus?

By amplifying DNA without needing many enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Okazaki fragments in DNA replication?

To form the lagging strand Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a difference between DNA replication and the replication of an enveloped RNA virus?

DNA replication involves Okazaki fragments, while RNA virus replication does not Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of making an RNA copy of a DNA sequence called?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

Which experimental technique is used to make multiple copies of a specific DNA segment?

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template?

Translation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the enzyme DNA polymerase during DNA replication?

Creating a complementary DNA strand Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding genetic mutations?

Mutations can affect protein structure and function. Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology that describes the flow of genetic information?

DNA Replication Transcription Translation Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which RNA is synthesized from DNA called?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

In the context of gene expression, what does the term 'elongation' refer to?

The addition of RNA nucleotides by RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the RNA molecule provides the template for protein synthesis during translation?

Start codon Signup and view all the answers

What role does RNA polymerase play in the process of gene expression?

Adds RNA nucleotides during transcription Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in eukaryotic cells is primarily responsible for the synthesis of proteins based on mRNA instructions?

Ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist(s) discovered that DNA is the genetic material?

Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty & Colin MacLeod Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment proved that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material?

Hershey-Chase Experiment Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of biology?

Transcription and translation Signup and view all the answers

How were the complementary base pairs in DNA discovered?

By studying the base ratio of different species Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription?

To synthesize mRNA using DNA as a template Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for DNA replication?

DNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

Energy in Metabolism Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Why do plants primarily store energy as starch?

What type of fuel would be primarily used by an athlete competing in a 100m sprint?

Why do animals like humans store energy as glycogen instead of starch like plants?

What is the primary function of mitochondria in cells?

How do proteins contribute to the function of the cell membrane?

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

What property allows membrane barriers to be selectively permeable?

Which of the following molecules are transported through the membrane using transport proteins?

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Which infectious disease is caused by a coronavirus?

Why is energy essential for living organisms?

What is the primary function of ATP in cells?

What are the three main requirements for an ideal fuel molecule?

Which type of macromolecule is the primary energy store in the human body?

Why are lipids preferred over carbohydrates as energy storage molecules?

Which of the following statements best describes the role of enzymes in metabolism?

What is the primary function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing short RNA primers during DNA replication?

What is the function of Okazaki fragments in DNA replication?

Which process involves the replication of viral genetic material within a host cell?

What does PCR stand for in molecular biology techniques?

Which enzyme is essential for the initiation of DNA replication by unwinding the double helix?

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing short RNA primers during DNA replication?

During DNA replication, which strand contains Okazaki fragments?

How do viruses replicate their genetic material?

What is the role of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?

What is PCR and what is it used for?

What enzyme is primarily responsible for the synthesis of RNA primers during DNA replication?

Which of the following is a characteristic of the replication of an enveloped RNA virus?

Which of the following is a function of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

How does PCR help in testing for Coronavirus?

What is the primary function of Okazaki fragments in DNA replication?

Which of the following is a difference between DNA replication and the replication of an enveloped RNA virus?

What is the process of making an RNA copy of a DNA sequence called?

Which experimental technique is used to make multiple copies of a specific DNA segment?

Which term describes the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template?

What is the primary function of the enzyme DNA polymerase during DNA replication?

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding genetic mutations?

What is the central dogma of molecular biology that describes the flow of genetic information?

What is the process by which RNA is synthesized from DNA called?

In the context of gene expression, what does the term 'elongation' refer to?

Which part of the RNA molecule provides the template for protein synthesis during translation?

What role does RNA polymerase play in the process of gene expression?

Which structure in eukaryotic cells is primarily responsible for the synthesis of proteins based on mRNA instructions?

Which scientist(s) discovered that DNA is the genetic material?

Which experiment proved that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material?

What is the central dogma of biology?

How were the complementary base pairs in DNA discovered?

What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription?

Which enzyme is responsible for DNA replication?

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