Energy

What is the fundamental principle of the first law of thermodynamics?

Kinetic energy is always greater than potential energy
Entropy of a closed system always decreases over time
Energy can be transferred and transformed, but not created or destroyed (correct)
Energy can be created during a chemical reaction

What is thermal energy associated with?

The motion of objects
The release of heat due to conversion of potential energy to kinetic or chemical energy (correct)
The energy stored in an object at rest
The energy required to increase order in a system

What is the relationship between entropy and energy?

An increase in entropy always decreases energy
Entropy and energy are unrelated
An increase in entropy increases disorder and release of energy and heat (correct)
An increase in entropy always increases energy

What is an example of a process that requires energy to increase order?

Unscrunched paper returning to its original form (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the second law of thermodynamics related to?

The increase in entropy of a closed system (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of a spontaneous change in terms of free energy?

The free energy of the system is decreasing to become more stable (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of reactions release energy while the reaction is proceeding?

Exergonic reactions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions?

To use the energy released in one reaction to drive another reaction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy currency of the cell?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hydrolysis of ATP?

Formation of ADP and release of energy (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ways ATP provides energy for the cell?

By providing energy for chemical reactions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the stability and work capacity of a system?

The amount of free energy present (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of exergonic reactions?

They release energy as they proceed (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ATP in the cell?

To provide energy for various cellular processes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the free energy of a system during a spontaneous change?

It decreases (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are exergonic and endergonic reactions often coupled?

To utilize the energy released from the exergonic reaction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP?

Energy is released from ATP (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy is associated with an object at rest?

Potential energy (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?

Every energy transfer or transformation increases disorder (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between entropy and energy release?

Entropy increases with energy release (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of energy is associated with chemical reactions?

Chemical energy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle of thermodynamics that relates to energy transformation?

Energy can be transformed but not created or destroyed (B) Signup and view all the answers