Energy and Global Warming Lesson Summary

Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of energy on Earth?

Producers

The sun (correct)

Fossil fuels

Consumers

Which human activities contribute to global warming?

Using solar panels and wind turbines

Reducing, reusing, and recycling

Recycling and planting trees

Driving cars, using fossil fuels, and working in factories (correct)

What is an example of a natural resource?

Glucose

Electronic devices

Manufactured goods

Fossil fuels (correct)

What is the main consequence of pollution?

Harm to people, animals, and plants Signup and view all the answers

What is a major cause of animal endangerment?

Destroying habitats Signup and view all the answers

What can be done to reduce the number of endangered species?

Take good care of the environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of destroying habitats and global warming?

Increase in animal endangerment Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic characteristics shared by all living things?

Growing, reproducing, and eliminating waste Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage of a plant's life cycle?

Seed Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of chloroplasts in plants?

Making food for the plant Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the liver?

It is the only organ that can regenerate itself Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic that distinguishes vertebrates from invertebrates?

Presence of a backbone Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of an animal's growth and changes over the course of its life?

Life cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

To move oxygen, nutrients, and cell wastes around the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of lung cancer?

Smoking Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

To take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the act of breathing out?

Exhalation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the diaphragm?

To tighten and move down to pull oxygen-filled air into the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

To connect arteries with veins and facilitate gas exchange Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal heart rate for a person at rest?

60 to 100 beats per minute Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of white blood cells in the circulatory system?

To protect the body from germs and other foreign substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when liquid blood becomes a solid clot to stop bleeding?

Coagulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of red blood cells?

Disk-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

To help move oxygen throughout the body and remove carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of B cells in the immune system?

To patrol the bloodstream and produce antibodies to fight infection Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Energy on Earth

Energy on Earth begins with the sun
Producers (plants) harness energy from the sun through photosynthesis to provide glucose, a sugar source of food and energy for other animals
Energy is transferred along the food chain, a series of organisms, each of which depends on the living thing before it for food

Global Warming

Global warming is a process that causes the Earth to become hotter
Human activities such as driving cars, using fossil fuels, working in factories, and agriculture cause an increase in gases that keep the Earth warm
These gases lead to an increase in the Earth's temperature

Natural Resources

Natural resources are raw materials taken from nature to make things we need
Examples of natural resources include air, water, plants, animals, minerals, and fossil fuels
We can't make natural resources, but we can use them wisely to avoid running out

Pollution

Pollution comes in many forms and always brings harm to the environment
Land, water, and air get exposed to pollution, causing harm to people, animals, and plants
Making environmentally conscious choices can help make the earth a cleaner, healthier place to live

Endangered Species

Endangered species are at risk of becoming extinct due to habitat destruction, global warming, and poaching
Taking care of the environment can reduce the number of species on the endangered species list and increase biodiversity

Characteristics of Living Things

All living things are made of cells and grow
They need food and eliminate waste
They reproduce
They exchange gases, specifically in the process of respiration, which is breathing to get gases like oxygen into the body and gases like carbon dioxide out of the body

Animal Life Cycle

All animals go through a life cycle, the stages a living thing goes through from birth to death
The life cycle begins from either an egg or live birth and goes through the young stage, reproductive stage, and finally death

Plant Life Cycle

A life cycle is a series of stages a living thing goes through as it grows and changes over the course of its life
Plant life cycles start from a seed, which germinates and grows into a seedling, then becomes a fully mature adult plant, and finally produces seeds to begin a new cycle

External Structures in Animals

All animals have external structures, which are outside parts of the body
Examples of external structures include the head, body coverings, tails, and limbs

Internal Structures in Organisms

Organisms have internal structures that are important to their survival
Internal structures include the heart, stomach, lungs, brain, xylem, phloem, chloroplasts, and more
These structures help organisms grow, reproduce, and survive

Classification of Animals

Scientists classify all animals as vertebrates or invertebrates
Vertebrates have a backbone, endoskeleton, and systems and are divided into five main groups: mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, and reptiles
Invertebrates do not have a backbone and include arthropods, mollusks, and other animals

Body Systems

Our body systems, including the nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, and musculoskeletal systems, work together to keep us healthy and allow us to do things
Each system contains organs and other parts that work together to perform specific functions

Respiratory System

The respiratory system is the set of organs that help us breathe
It brings oxygen into the body during inhalation and removes carbon dioxide during exhalation
The respiratory system also allows us to make sounds, like singing, laughing, and whispering

Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is a disease that causes tumors to grow in the lungs
It can be caused by smoking, exposure to certain substances, or genetics
Treatments include chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery

Liver

The liver is an organ that sits under the rib cage on the right side of the body
The liver has four main jobs: cleaning the blood, storing energy from glucose, making bile, and balancing cholesterol levels
The liver is the only organ that can regenerate itself

Circulatory System

The circulatory system is the system that moves oxygen, nutrients, and cell wastes around the body
It's made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
The heart pumps blood throughout the body, and blood vessels carry blood to and from the heart

Heart

The heart is composed of four chambers: two atria and two ventricles
The heart pumps blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen to tissues and removing oxygen-poor blood
Blood starts in the body, then goes to the right atrium, then to the right ventricle, then to the lungs, then to the left atrium, then to the left ventricle

Arteries and Pulse

Arteries are vessels that carry blood
The pulse is the throbbing of arteries as blood moves through them
You can use your pulse to measure your heart rate, which is the number of times your heart beats in one minute

Blood

Blood is made of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Plasma transports things throughout the body
Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body
White blood cells protect the body from germs
Platelets are sticky little cells that work like bandages

Red Blood Cells

Red blood cells are disk-shaped and give blood its red color
They help move oxygen throughout the body and remove carbon dioxide from the body with the help of hemoglobin

Coagulation

Coagulation is the process of liquid blood becoming a solid clot to stop bleeding
Clots stop blood from leaking out of a broken blood vessel while a cut heals and are made of three substances found in blood: platelets, clotting factors, and blood cells

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Description

Learn about how energy is transferred from the sun to producers and along the food chain, and understand the process of global warming and its effects on the Earth's temperature.