Energy and Energy Resources Quiz

Energy and Energy Resources

• Energy is the ability to cause change
• All objects contain energy, some more than others
• The Sun is a major energy resource
• Energy in plants and energy from the Sun are related
• Energy is the ability to cause change
• Examples of energy resources include cars, plants and the sun
• Energy can be transformed from one form to another.

Get Ready to Read

• A fast-moving baseball has more kinetic energy than a slow-moving one.
• A book sitting on a shelf has energy.
• Energy can change from one form to another.
• The total amount of energy decreases when something rises straight up
• Nuclear power plants release pollutants as they transform nuclear energy

Lesson 1: Forms of Energy

• Energy is the ability to cause change
• Kinetic energy - energy of motion
• Potential energy - stored energy
• Different forms of energy include: sound, thermal, and radiant
• Energy is related to work
• A camera that detects temperature can be used to measure radiant energy

Launch Lab

• Changes in matter can be observed, such as changes in temperature
• Energy is the ability to cause change
• Energy causes changes in motion and position of objects
• Examples of energy include fireworks exploding, plants growing, and hammers hitting nails

Kinetic Energy-Energy of Motion

• Kinetic energy depends on speed and mass
• Faster objects have more kinetic energy
• Objects with higher mass have more kinetic energy

Potential Energy-Stored Energy

• Energy can be stored, even if objects aren't moving.
• Stored energy is known as Potential energy
• Types of potential energy include gravitational potential, elastic potential, and chemical potential.

Gravitational Potential Energy

• Gravitational potential energy exists between an object and Earth
• This energy depends on weight and height
• Higher positions mean more potential energy

Elastic Potential Energy

• Elastic potential energy is stored in objects that are bent or stretched (like rubber bands)

Chemical Potential Energy

• Chemical energy is stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
• Stored in substances like foods, gasoline, and other substances

Energy and Work

• Energy is transferred when work is done
• Applying a force over distance is considered work
• Energy is transferred from doing work
• Objects with energy can do work

Lesson 1: Energy Review

• Energy is the ability to cause change
• There are different forms of energy
• Energy can be transferred in different ways
• Gravitational Potential Energy increases when you lift something
• Forces cause change, and applying a force over distance represents work

Lesson 2: Energy Transformations

• The Law of Conservation of Energy states energy is neither created nor destroyed, but transformed from one form to another
• Transformations involve conversions of energy between different forms

Friction and Energy

• Friction transforms mechanical energy to thermal energy
• Friction is a force that resists movement
• Surfaces rubbing against each other release thermal energy
• Lubircants reduced friction
• Lubricants can be used to reduce friction

Lesson 2 Review

• Energy transformations are possible due to the law of Energy conservation
• Applying brakes on a bicycle is an example of energy transformation from one form to another
• Types of energy include thermal, radiant, mechanical, and electric
• Energy resources can be transformed into other forms of energy

Lesson 3: Energy Resources

• Nonrenewable resources are used faster than they are replaced
• Renewable resources are replaced as fast as, or faster than, they are used
• The Sun is an inexhaustible energy resource
• Energy conservation involves using energy more efficiently

Fossil Fuels

• Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources
• Often burned to produce energy (e.g., coal, natural gas etc.)
• These resources are finite, and are used more quickly than they are produced, making conservation important
• These fuels formed from remains of ancient organisms over millions of years
• Coal, natural gas, and petroleum are forms of fossil fuels

Hydroelectric Power Plants

• Hydroelectric power plants transform potential energy of falling water into electric energy
• Dams create reservoirs allowing water to fall, converting stored potential energy into kinetic energy
• These plants use falling water to generate electricity without emitting pollutants into the air
• Dams can disrupt wildlife

Solar Energy

• Solar energy is radiant energy from the Sun
• Solar energy can be converted directly to electrical energy by solar cells
• Solar energy is an inexpensive renewable resource

Wind Energy

• Wind energy is another renewable energy resource
• Modern wind turbines convert wind energy into electric energy through the kinetic energy of spinning propellers or windmills
• These are practical in areas with higher average wind speeds
• Wind turbines produce no pollution

Biomass

• Biomass is matter that comes from plants and living organisms
• Biomass is a renewable energy resource
• Biomass fuels (e.g., wood, peat, manure) can be burned

Geothermal Energy

• Geothermal energy is heat from inside Earth
• These energy sources can be used for electricity production in areas where geothermal energy is available
• Geothermal energy produces steam that spins turbines to produce useful energy or electricity

MiniLab: Energy Resources

• Identifying how energy resources are used in power production
• Analyzing energy use and conservation in different ways
• Researching different types of resources and how they are used

Chapter 5 Review

• Energy is the ability to cause change and can take many forms
• Energy transformations can be observed in everyday situations like a book falling
• Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
• Resources such as fossil fuels are nonrenewable
• There are advantages and disadvantages to using different types of energy

Test your understanding of energy concepts and resources in this quiz. Explore various forms of energy, including kinetic and potential energy, and learn about the relationship between energy and work. Dive into the significance of energy resources like the sun and nuclear power.