Endotracheal Intubation Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of endotracheal intubation?

  • To maintain a patent and clear airway (correct)
  • To perform minor surgeries
  • To provide nutrition
  • To assess lung function

    • Which of the following is a contraindication for nasal intubation?

  • General anesthesia
  • Patient anxiety
  • Facial reconstructive surgery
  • Nasal skull fracture (correct)

    • Which type of intubation is generally preferred when the surgical procedure involves the oral cavity?

  • Oral tracheal intubation (correct)
  • Tracheostomy
  • Endotracheal intubation through suction
  • Nasal intubation

    • What is a common technique used during endotracheal intubation to facilitate tube insertion?

    <p>Muscle relaxants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about nasal intubation is true?

    <p>It can be used when oral intubation is difficult or impossible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary indication for endotracheal intubation?

    <p>Respiratory arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which situation contraindicates endotracheal intubation?

    <p>Severe airway trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be assessed to identify difficult intubation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step is included in the preparation process before intubation?

    <p>Wash hands and wear PPE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rationale for assessing the last meal before intubation?

    <p>To reduce the risk of aspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an endotracheal tube (ETT)?

    <p>To establish and maintain a patent airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of endotracheal tube provides selective endobronchial intubation?

    <p>Reusable double-lumen tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a reusable endotracheal tube?

    <p>It can have one or two lumens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of endotracheal tube is used for adults and older children?

    <p>Disposable cuffed tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of the double-lumen endotracheal tube?

    <p>One lumen remains in the trachea while the other intubates a bronchus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of applying cricoid pressure during intubation?

    <p>To ensure accurate placement of the endotracheal tube (ETT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the patient be hyper-oxygenated with 100% oxygen prior to intubation?

    <p>To prevent hypoxemia during the intubation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done immediately after visualizing the tube passing through the vocal cords?

    <p>Inflate the cuff with a minimal amount of air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following indicates proper verification of tube placement during intubation?

    <p>A stable or rising $O_2$ saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rationale for placing the trauma patient’s head in a neutral position during intubation?

    <p>To prevent secondary injury if there is a cervical cord injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key indications for using a double lumen endotracheal tube?

    <p>Isolation of one lung from another due to infection or hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate endotracheal tube size range for adult male patients?

    <p>8.0 - 9.5 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the endotracheal tube prevents air from escaping and allows for inflation?

    <p>Inflated cuff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the pediatric size of an endotracheal tube estimated for children?

    <p>Size = 4.5 + age in years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Murphy eye in an endotracheal tube?

    <p>To serve as a backup port for ventilation if the main port is obstructed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of securing the endotracheal tube (ETT)?

    <p>To prevent the patient from pulling out the tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the ETT secured using adhesive tape?

    <p>By wrapping double-sided tape around the patient's head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measurement indicates proper placement of the ETT for men?

    <p>23 cm at the teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct initial action for a nurse after securing an ETT?

    <p>Note the tube position at the teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure for securing the ETT with twill tape?

    <p>Double over the tape, pulling ends through a loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation?

    <p>Laryngeal spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be documented before intubation?

    <p>Date, time, and depth of tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laryngoscope blade is typically used for pediatric patients?

    <p>Straight Miller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary actions required during intubation?

    <p>Rearrange the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the information that should be recorded after intubation?

    <p>Previous hospital admissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a cuffed endotracheal tube during intubation?

    <p>To prevent aspiration and airway obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to position the patient in the sniffing position?

    <p>It helps align the oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal axes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before starting the intubation procedure?

    <p>Administer pre-intubation medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the end-tidal CO2 monitor in the intubation process?

    <p>To assess the effectiveness of ventilation post-intubation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important step to take regarding the patient before intubation?

    <p>Remove dentures if present for oral intubation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Endotracheal Intubation

    • Endotracheal tube (ETT) is a flexible plastic tube placed through the mouth or nose into the trachea
    • Used to establish and maintain a patent airway
    • Ensures adequate exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
    • Performed by trained medical personnel under anaesthesia or sedation, often with muscle relaxants

    Types of Endotracheal Tubes

    • Reusable ETT:
      • One or double lumen
      • Double lumens are special tubes that provide selective endobronchial intubation
      • One lumen is advanced into a main stem bronchus, the other lumen remains in the trachea for selective endobronchial intubation
      • Examples include white double-lumen ETT with carinal hook and Carlen double-lumen ETT with carinal hook
    • Disposable Cuffed Tubes:
      • Used for adult and older children
    • Disposable Uncuffed Tubes:
      • Used for neonates

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of endotracheal intubation, including the use of endotracheal tubes (ETT) and their types. It highlights the importance of maintaining a patent airway and the differences between reusable and disposable ETTs. Test your knowledge on this critical medical procedure performed by trained professionals.

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