29 Questions
What is one possible cause of platelet dysfunction mentioned in the text?
Loss of platelet surface membrane a-adrenergic (epinephrine) receptors
How does nitric oxide (NO) affect platelet aggregation according to the text?
Nitric oxide inhibits platelet aggregation
What is the relationship between chronic liver disease and thrombocytopenia according to the text?
Mild to moderate thrombocytopenia is seen in approximately one third of patients with chronic liver disease
What is one potential cause of thrombocytopenia and platelet abnormalities in chronic alcoholic cirrhosis according to the text?
Direct toxic effects of alcohol on bone marrow megakaryocytes
Which of the following is not mentioned as a possible cause of platelet dysfunction in the text?
Increased loss of a variety of platelet membrane receptors for adhesion and activation
Which of the following is a potential cause of thrombocytopenia in liver disease?
Hypersplenism or alcohol toxicity
What is the main purpose of the Anticoagulant Protein System?
To regulate all enzymes of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems
What is the primary function of the Fibrinolytic Protein System?
To lyse the clot formed by thrombin
What is the role of fibrinogen in the consolidation and stabilization of the platelet plug?
Fibrinogen provides a basis for platelet consolidation and stabilization by precipitating polymerized fibrin around each platelet.
Which of the following is not a component of the Cellular Components involved in Normal Hemostasis and Thrombosis?
Erythrocytes
What is the primary function of the Coagulation Protein System?
To serve as the system that forms thrombin, which initiates the proteolysis of fibrinogen, leading to fibrin clot formation
Which of the following is a method for the quantitative determination of platelets?
Examination of stained blood
What is the purpose of using thromboplastin reagent in the functional screening test mentioned in the text?
To assess the generation of thrombin and the formation of fibrin
How is thromboplastin reagent prepared for the functional screening test?
By tissue extraction from rabbit brain or lung
Which factor does thromboplastin form complexes with and activate?
Factor VII
What is the reference range for the International Normalized Ratio (INR) mentioned in the text?
10-13
What was developed to standardize the sensitivity differences in individual thromboplastin reagents?
International Sensitivity Index
Which syndrome is characterized by congenital absence of the radial bones?
Thrombocytopenia with absent Radii Syndrome (TAR)
Where are alpha granules found in the body?
In platelets
What is a characteristic feature of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome?
Partial oculocutaneous albinism
Which syndrome is associated with giant lysosomal granules in cells?
Chédiak-Higashi Syndrome
What is a common feature of Chédiak-Higashi Syndrome?
Immunologic defects
Which disorder presents with ceroid-like deposition in reticuloendothelial cells?
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
What is the role of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the fibrinolytic system?
tPA converts inactive plasminogen to plasmin, which then lyses fibrin.
What are the products formed during the process of fibrinolysis?
D-dimers and cross-linked fibrin degradation products (XDP)
What is the primary function of the natural anticoagulants in the hemostatic system?
To ensure that the clot remains localized to the site of injury and prevent excessive clotting
What is the first step in the process of platelet-mediated hemostasis?
Platelet adhesion to the injured blood vessel wall
Which of the following statements regarding endothelial cells and the fibrinolytic system is correct?
In response to thrombin, endothelial secretion of tPA increases, promoting fibrinolysis.
What is the primary role of platelets in the hemostatic process?
To adhere to the site of vascular injury, aggregate, and form a platelet plug
Test your knowledge on endothelial secretion response to thrombin, tPA conversion, fibrinolysis, and clot formation. Understand the role of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in converting plasminogen to active plasmin and its effect on fibrin breakdown products. Explore how hemostasis and natural anticoagulants regulate clot formation.
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