59 Questions
What is the general timing given for menstruation to occur?
Every 28 days
What is the average duration of a normal menstruation?
4 days
How much blood loss is considered normal in an average menstrual cycle?
35 cc
If a woman is bleeding for more than how many days should it be classified as abnormal?
7 days
What percentage of women experience heavy bleeding during menstruation?
95%
What is considered abnormal blood loss in a menstrual cycle?
$80$ cc
What is the definition of menarche?
The average age at first menstruation
What is a possible reason for a complaint of hypomenorrhea?
Potential pregnancy
Which medication is commonly associated with hypomenorrhea as a side effect?
Birth control pills
What is a potential indication of a coagulation defect in women?
Heavy flow during the first period
What hormonal factor can lead to endometrial healing and cessation of bleeding?
Increasing estrogen levels
Why do patients with heavy bleeding or dysmenorrhea often receive NSAIDs?
To help with bleeding and contractions
At what age does menopause typically occur in America?
Around 51-51.5 years old
What can cause menstrual bleeding changes along with thyroid dysfunction?
Estrogen level fluctuations
What may be suspected if a patient reports very heavy flow during their first menstruation?
Coagulation defect
In what situation is hypomenorrhea often experienced as a side effect?
While using birth control methods
What is the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in patients with anovulation?
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
In addition to pregnancy tests, what hormone levels should be checked in a woman of reproductive age with abnormal uterine bleeding?
Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone
What diagnostic procedure is recommended for post-menopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding?
Transvaginal ultrasound
What range of endometrial stripe thickness is considered suspicious for endometrial cancer in post-menopausal women on combined hormone replacement therapy?
Greater than 5 mm
What factor increases the risk of endometrial cancer in women according to the text?
Being nulliparous
What role does high insulin levels play in increasing the risk of endometrial cancer?
It is toxic to the ovaries and can lead to anovulation
Which hormone therapy regimen is associated with a thicker endometrial stripe in post-menopausal women?
"5 mm"
What does the term menorrhagia refer to?
Prolonged bleeding, greater than seven days
What is metrorrhagia characterized by?
Uterine bleeding at irregular but frequent intervals
What does menometrorrhagia involve?
Prolonged uterine bleeding at irregular intervals
In the context of menstrual disorders, what does oligomenorrhea signify?
Reduction in frequency of menses
What is the primary difference between menorrhagia and metrorrhagia?
Interval between bleedings
What distinguishes menometrorrhagia from oligomenorrhea?
Duration of bleeding
When does secondary amenorrhea occur?
At least three to six months after establishing a regular cycle
"Amenorrhea" specifically means:
"Absence of menstruation for at least three to six months"
"Menometrorrhagia" differs from "oligomenorrhea" mainly in terms of:
"Duration of bleeding"
"Primary amenorrhea" is primarily characterized by:
"Never having had any menstrual bleeding"
What is the most common cause of vaginal bleeding in pre-menarchal children?
Foreign body insertion
Which condition might lead to heavy periods right from the first menstrual cycle?
Von Willebrand's disease
What is a significant consideration for postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding?
Endometrial cancer
Which medication type is mentioned as a potential cause of irregular uterine bleeding?
Steroids
What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?
Causes the endometrium to thicken
What condition should be suspected in a patient with irregular periods and no production of corpus luteum?
Anovulation
Which type of cancer is specifically highlighted as a cause of postmenopausal bleeding?
Endometrial cancer
What percentage of women with postmenopausal bleeding may have endometrial hyperplasia?
10%
What is the recommended dosage of birth control pills for controlling heavy bleeding according to the passage?
Four pills a day for five days
Why is it important to space out the intake of birth control pills when controlling bleeding?
To prevent nausea
What alternative treatment is suggested for patients with a religious objection to using hormones or those unable to use hormones?
NSAIDs
What is the primary reason for prescribing something for nausea along with birth control pills?
To address the side effects of birth control pills
In what type of patients can oral contraceptives be used to control bleeding, according to the passage?
Stable patients without blood pressure changes
What is the recommended dose of NSAIDs for patients with heavy bleeding, as indicated in the passage?
Naprosyn 500 milligrams twice a day
What is the common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in post-menopausal women according to the passage?
Vaginal atrophy
What is recommended for women with recurrent post-menopausal bleeding based on the passage?
Endometrial biopsy
What diagnostic procedure is suggested for women over 35 with abnormal uterine bleeding according to the passage?
Ultrasound and endometrial biopsy
What is the recommended long-term means of controlling abnormal uterine bleeding according to the passage?
Levonorgestrel containing IUD
What is the independent risk factor for endometrial cancer mentioned in the text?
Weight gain
How much more likely is a patient greater than 50 pounds overweight to develop endometrial cancer compared to a patient who gained just 20 to 50 pounds?
10 times more likely
What is the role of progestins in managing abnormal uterine bleeding?
Inhibit estrogen receptors synthesis
Which medical management option is suggested for patients who can be managed just with NSAIDs?
None of the above
What is the purpose of using a progestational IUD like Mirena in managing abnormal uterine bleeding?
Improve bleeding control
What method can induce endometrial atrophy and provide control of bleeding for up to five years?
Progestin-containing IUD
What type of patients would need to receive IV estrogen due to excessive vaginal bleeding and instability?
Patients with continuous heavy vaginal bleeding
'Provera', also known as medroxyprogesterone, is typically prescribed in what daily dosage range for patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia?
5-10 milligrams
Test your knowledge on the risk factors associated with endometrial cancer, such as rapid weight gain and obesity. Learn about the increased likelihood of developing endometrial cancer based on different levels of weight gain.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
