Endolimax nana Morphology and Pathogenesis
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Questions and Answers

Entamoeba hartmanni is a non-pathogenic commensal amoeba.

True

Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba hartmanni have identical morphology.

True

Entamoeba coli is a pathogenic parasite.

False

The transmission of Entamoeba hartmanni is through the fecal-oral route.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Iodamoeba butschlii is a type of parasitic amoeba.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The infections caused by Entamoeba hartmanni are symptomatic.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The genus Endolimax includes the species E. nana.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-pathogenic intestinal amoebae should not be considered indicators of fecal contamination.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mobility of Entamoeba hartmanni trophozoites is non-directional with blunt pseudopodia.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entamoeba hartmanni is larger than Entamoeba histolytica.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Endolimax nana

  • Found in the intestines of various animals, including humans
  • Can cause intermittent or chronic diarrhea

Morphology

  • Trophozoite: 6-12 µm, granular cytoplasm, karyosome, sluggish motility, and inclusions of bacteria
  • Cysts: 5-10µm, mature cysts contain 4 nuclei, no peripheral chromatin, and no chromatoid body

Iodamoeba Butschlii

  • No information provided

Naegleria Fowleri

  • Free-living amoeba found in warm freshwater
  • Can cause primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a severe and often fatal brain infection

Naegleria Trophozoite

  • 15-30µm, single nucleus, feeds and divides by binary fission, can transform into flagellate and cyst form, found in cerebrospinal fluid and tissue

Naegleria Flagellate Form

  • Elongated or pear-shaped, anterior nucleus, two free flagella, found in water at 27-37°C, non-feeding and non-dividing, never present in tissue

Naegleria Fowleri Infection

  • Trophozoite is the infectious form, introduced through the nose, embeds in the nasal epithelium, attracted to olfactory nerve and bulb, and spreads to the cerebrum

Naegleria Life Cycle

  • Three distinct stages: Trophozoite (feeding and replicating), Flagellate (movement in water), and Cyst (dormant, resistant to harsh conditions)

Entamoeba coli

  • Worldwide distribution, non-pathogenic commensal intestinal amoeba, life cycle similar to Entamoeba histolytica but without an invasive stage and ingestion of red blood cells

Morphology

  • Trophozoite: 10-50 µm, irregular shape, non-directional motility, dirty and vacuolated cytoplasm, small karyosome, and no chromatoid body
  • Cysts: 10-25 µm, spherical, vesicular nucleus, coarse granules, small karyosome, and not frequently seen chromatoid bodies

Entamoeba gingivalis

  • Found in the mouth, in gingival pockets and periodontal pockets, 95% of people with gum disease, transmission by kissing or sharing eating utensils

Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae

  • Facultative parasites of humans, acquired by exposure to contaminated water or inhalation of cysts from dust
  • Examples: Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, and Balamuthia species

Naegleria Fowleri

  • The trophozoite is the infectious form, introduced through the nose, embeds in the nasal epithelium, attracted to the olfactory nerve and spreads to the cerebrum

Life Cycle

  • Starts with a trophozoite, transforms into a flagellate form, which moves in water, and then transforms into a cyst form if there is a lack of nutrients and water

Acanthamoeba Species

  • Trophozoites have an irregular appearance with spine-like pseudopodia, and acanthopodia
  • Can be bi-nucleated, and the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis

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Description

Learn about the morphology and potential pathogenic effects of Endolimax nana, a parasite found in the intestines of various animals, including humans.

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