Endogenous vs Exogenous Growth Hormone Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the components of thyroid hormones that are part of the thyroglobulin complex?

  • T4 and T5
  • T3 and T4 (correct)
  • T1 and T2
  • T2 and T3

    • Where are the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 located within the thyroid gland?

  • Inside the colloid (correct)
  • In the bloodstream
  • In the parathyroid gland
  • In the thyroid follicular cells

    • Which of the following is NOT a component of the thyroglobulin complex?

  • Calcitonin (correct)
  • T4
  • Thyroglobulin
  • T3

    • What is the main function of the thyroglobulin complex containing T3 and T4?

    <p>Regulating metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone complex is still part of the thyroglobulin complex inside the colloid?

    <p>(T3, T4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is impaired in Laron dwarfs and African pygmies?

    <p>GH responsiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mutation is responsible for the impaired responsiveness to GH in Laron dwarfs and African pygmies?

    <p>GH receptor mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key step for the promotion of growth by GH that is impaired in Laron dwarfs and African pygmies?

    <p>IGF-1 formation ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is normal or high in Laron dwarfs and African pygmies despite the impairment in responsiveness to GH?

    <p>GH production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Laron dwarfs and African pygmies, what is the main cause of the inability to form IGF-1?

    <p>Mutation in IGF-1 formation gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone regulates the production of adrenal androgens, including DHEA?

    <p>Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a function of ACTH?

    <p>Controlling thyroid hormone levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of ACTH in the endocrine system?

    <p>Regulating adrenal gland activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is specifically mentioned to be influenced by ACTH in the text?

    <p>DHEA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of adrenal androgens regulated by ACTH?

    <p>Influencing reproductive health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason some men tend towards exogenous GH?

    <p>To increase exercise capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the use of exogenous GH affect the endogenous GH?

    <p>Suppresses it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the effect of exogenous GH on endogenous GH considered an 'inhibition effect'?

    <p>It suppresses endogenous GH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe substances and processes originating from outside an organism?

    <p>Exogenous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to acknowledge the effects of exogenous GH before using it?

    <p>To avoid suppression of endogenous GH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the process described in the text enhance?

    <p>Entry of fatty acids into adipose tissue cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is NOT affected by the action mentioned in the text?

    <p>Glucose absorption in the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key role of the process described in relation to adipose tissue cells?

    <p>Enhancing fatty acid storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the described process impact blood circulation?

    <p>Enhances fatty acid transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular process benefits the most from the enhanced entry of fatty acids according to the text?

    <p>Lipid synthesis in adipose tissue cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the physiological functions of thyroid hormones mentioned in the text?

    <p>Increase the transcription of numerous genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do thyroid hormones impact gene expression based on the information provided?

    <p>Enhance the transcription of numerous genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of thyroid hormones on gene transcription?

    <p>Elevate the transcription of numerous genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the impact of thyroid hormones according to the text?

    <p>Increase transcription of multiple genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, what is a notable effect of thyroid hormones on gene expression?

    <p>Enhancing transcription of a wide range of genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of stress accompanied by tissue injury?

    <p>Activation of stress-induced inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does stress affect the production of inflammatory cytokines?

    <p>Suppresses inflammatory cytokine production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of stress in inflammation?

    <p>Stress amplifies the relationship between tissue injury and inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does stress affect lymphocyte function in the context of antibody production?

    <p>Stress causes lymphocyte dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the presence of stress and tissue injury, what is a likely outcome regarding immune responses?

    <p>Immune responses are heightened</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the described actions collectively impact extracellular fluid calcium concentration?

    <p>Promote bone resorption to release calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the actions described in the text?

    <p>Maintaining calcium homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of a malfunction in the regulation of extracellular fluid calcium concentration?

    <p>Weakening of bone structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organ system is most directly affected by the actions aimed at regulating extracellular fluid calcium concentration?

    <p>Endocrine system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is maintaining extracellular fluid calcium concentration important for overall health?

    <p>To support proper nerve function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of adjustments are required for the regulation of calcium balance according to the text?

    <p>Slowly responding adjustments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of the adjustments needed to maintain a constant total amount of Ca in the body?

    <p>Being long-lasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would you describe the adjustments involved in regulating calcium balance?

    <p>Dynamic and rapid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary timing characteristic of the adjustments needed for maintaining a constant total amount of Ca in the body?

    <p>Gradual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of changes best describes the adjustments required for calcium balance regulation?

    <p>Gradual and persistent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Growth Hormone (GH) on protein synthesis?

    <p>Increases the rate of protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Growth Hormone (GH) affect glucose utilization in the body?

    <p>Decreases the rate of glucose utilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of increased mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue due to GH?

    <p>Increased use of fatty acids for energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under GH control, what becomes the primary source of energy for the body?

    <p>Fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does GH influence the body's energy metabolism?

    <p>Switches the source of energy to fats instead of glucose and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the accelerated rate of food utilization for energy have on the body?

    <p>Increases blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the accelerated utilization of foods for energy impact ATP production within cells?

    <p>Increases ATP production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the accelerated utilization of foods for energy affect the body's temperature regulation?

    <p>Enhances heat production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the accelerated rate of food utilization impact the body's metabolic processes?

    <p>Promotes catabolism over anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely consequence of a sustained acceleration in the rate of food utilization for energy on the body's overall nutritional status?

    <p>Development of malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the bones of the skull respond to growth according to the text?

    <p>By growing in thickness and forming bony protrusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what region of the skull can bony protrusions develop due to growth as described in the text?

    <p>Over the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect can growth have on the thickness of bones in the skull based on the text?

    <p>Allowing for bony protrusions to form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bony protrusions over the eyes typically arise according to the text?

    <p>Due to growth and thickening of the bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a direct consequence of the bones of the skull growing in thickness as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Creation of bony protrusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of an increase in TRH, TSH, T3, and T4 levels?

    <p>Decrease in metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do elevated levels of T3 and T4 impact ATP production?

    <p>Increase ATP production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a direct effect of increased TSH?

    <p>Enhanced glucose breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely outcome of decreased TRH levels on heat production?

    <p>Decrease in heat production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in TRH levels impact the metabolic rate?

    <p>Increase in metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT characterized by severe local inflammation, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Cushing's syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following disorders is cortisol NOT used for treatment according to the text?

    <p>Osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using cortisol in treating allergic disorders, based on the text?

    <p>To suppress the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common misconception about cortisol's role in the immune system based on the text?

    <p>It directly kills pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the harmful effects of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis from other aspects of the diseases, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Severe local inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an increase in potassium ions in the extracellular fluid have on aldosterone secretion?

    <p>It greatly enhances aldosterone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a decrease in potassium ions in the extracellular fluid impact aldosterone secretion?

    <p>It inhibits aldosterone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ions, when increased in the extracellular fluid, does not impact aldosterone secretion?

    <p>Calcium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What relationship does the concentration of potassium ions have with the regulation of aldosterone secretion?

    <p>Directly proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the extracellular fluid becomes deficient in potassium ions, what would be the expected effect on aldosterone secretion?

    <p>Inhibits aldosterone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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