21 Questions
What is the primary cause of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Pancreatic cell destruction
What is the result of glucagon in excess in the body?
Increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
What is the purpose of testing for pre-diabetes and diabetes beginning at age 45?
To diagnose diabetes at an early stage
What is the criterion for diagnosing diabetes using the HbA1c test?
HbA1c of ≥ 6.5%
What is a common symptom of diabetes in addition to the 3 Ps?
Microvascular problems
What is the primary cause of gestational diabetes?
Metabolic and hormonal changes during pregnancy
What is the effect of somatostatin on endocrine hormones?
Inhibition of insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone
What percentage of diabetes cases are Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
5-10%
What is the result of glucagon action on glucose metabolism?
Increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
What is the primary mechanism of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
Insulin resistance
What is the diagnostic criterion for diabetes using the FPG test?
FPG of ≥ 126 mg/dL
What is the recommended frequency of testing for pre-diabetes and diabetes?
Every 3 years starting at age 45
What is the net effect of growth hormone on glucose levels in the blood?
Increase glucose levels by increasing glycogenolysis
What is the primary mechanism of action of somatostatin in glucose metabolism?
Inhibiting insulin and glucagon secretion
What is the characteristic feature of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion
What is the purpose of testing for pre-diabetes and diabetes using the OGTT test?
To screen for diabetes in patients without symptoms
What is the consequence of glucagon excess in the body?
Hyperglycemia
What is the characteristic feature of gestational diabetes?
Metabolic and hormonal changes during pregnancy
What is the recommended test for diagnosing diabetes in patients with symptoms?
Random plasma glucose level
What is the consequence of growth hormone action on glucose metabolism?
Decreased glucose uptake in cells
What is the characteristic feature of hyperosmolar insulin-resistant states?
Hyperglycemia
Test your knowledge of hormones and their effects on glucose metabolism, including growth hormone, thyroxine, and somatostatin. Learn about the role of hormones in regulating blood sugar levels and the pathophysiology of diabetes.
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