Endocrine System Study Guide: Diabetes and More
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of DMARDS in treating arthritis?

  • To reduce inflammation
  • To relieve pain
  • To slow down disease progression (correct)
  • To repair joint damage

    • What is the main mechanism of action of histamine-2 receptor antagonists?

  • Blocking pepsin production
  • Protecting the stomach lining
  • Reducing acid production in the stomach (correct)
  • Neutralizing stomach acid

    • What is the primary purpose of anti-emetics?

  • To treat nausea and vomiting (correct)
  • To treat constipation
  • To treat diarrhea
  • To relieve heartburn

    • What is the primary goal of medications used to treat osteoporosis?

    <p>To reduce fracture risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of laxatives?

    <p>To treat constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of using a spacer with an inhaler?

    <p>To improve medication deposition in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the two main types of diabetes?

    <p>Insulin production levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of self-monitoring glucose levels in diabetes care?

    <p>To adjust medication dosages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of calcineurin inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibition of T-cell activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of histamine in the body?

    <p>Vasodilation and increased gastric acid secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between H1 and H2 antihistamines?

    <p>H1 antihistamines are used for allergic reactions, while H2 antihistamines are used for gastrointestinal issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic that distinguishes NSAIDs from other categories of analgesics?

    <p>Their ability to inhibit prostaglandin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is most effective in treating the underlying cause of arthritis?

    <p>DMARDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibiting the production of stomach acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is used to treat gout, but not arthritis?

    <p>Colchicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the two main categories of medications used to treat asthma?

    <p>One is used for short-term relief, while the other is used for long-term control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is used to treat allergic rhinitis, but is not typically used to treat asthma?

    <p>Antihistamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of anti-emetics?

    <p>Inhibiting the release of serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of measuring glycosylated Hb values in diabetes care?

    <p>To detect long-term complications of diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes?

    <p>Macrovascular complications affect larger blood vessels, while microvascular complications affect smaller blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of calcineurin inhibitors, a type of immunosuppressant drug?

    <p>They suppress the immune system by inhibiting the activity of T-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between first-generation and second-generation antihistamines?

    <p>First-generation antihistamines are sedating, while second-generation antihistamines are non-sedating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between NSAIDs and other categories of analgesics?

    <p>NSAIDs are used to treat inflammatory pain, while other analgesics are used to treat non-inflammatory pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the two main categories of oral hypoglycemic drugs?

    <p>One category stimulates the release of insulin, while the other category stimulates the uptake of glucose in the muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary diagnostic indicator of diabetes?

    <p>Oral glucose tolerance test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between short-term and long-term complications of diabetes?

    <p>Short-term complications are acute, while long-term complications are chronic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following insulin types is rapid-acting?

    <p>Lispro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of immunosuppressant drugs?

    <p>Suppressing the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of histamine in the body?

    <p>Vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between first-generation and second-generation antihistamines?

    <p>Sedating versus non-sedating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treating osteoporosis with medications?

    <p>To increase bone density and reduce fracture risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is NOT typically used to treat asthma?

    <p>Histamine-2 receptor antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of DMARDS in treating arthritis?

    <p>Modifying the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the two categories of medications used to treat gout?

    <p>One category is used to treat acute gout attacks, while the other is used to prevent future attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors in treating peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Reducing the production of stomach acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the two main categories of anti-emetics?

    <p>One category is used to treat motion sickness, while the other is used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea</p> Signup and view all the answers

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