Endocrine System Quiz

The pancreas has two main roles, performed by different cell groups: exocrine and endocrine.

Drain the upper part of the thyroid gland to the internal jugular vein.

These are the two distinct cell groups in the pancreas responsible for different bodily functions.

Drain the lateral side of the thyroid gland to the internal jugular vein.

Drain the lower part of the thyroid, often multiple, into the brachiocephalic veins.

Clusters of cells within the pancreas that secrete hormones.

A hormone that raises blood sugar levels.

Posterior to the thyroid, embedded in the thyroid's capsule, within pretracheal fascia.

A hormone that lowers blood sugar levels.

Constant location usually superior to the inferior thyroid artery; dorsal to the recurrent laryngeal nerve .

A hormone that inhibits both glucagon and insulin release.

May be located within or outside the thyroid capsule, relative to artery.

Supplied by branches of the inferior thyroid artery ; sometimes by superior, thyroid ima, laryngeal, tracheal, or oesophageal arteries.

The largest endocrine gland, located in front of the trachea, with two lobes connected by an isthmus.

The thyroid gland receives blood from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries.

Drain into the thyroid venous plexus.

A gland that secretes substances through a duct, not directly into the bloodstream.

A gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.

A small endocrine gland that produces hormones controlling other glands and bodily functions.

Part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland and other endocrine functions.

Endocrine gland that produces melatonin, affecting sleep-wake cycles.

The pituitary gland receives blood from superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries, branches of the internal carotid artery. Veins drain into the cavernous sinuses.

A special system of veins connecting the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary, carrying blood from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary lobe.

A small gland in the brain's midline, located below the posterior end of the corpus callosum, an outgrowth of the 3rd ventricle roof.

The pancreas is located across the upper abdomen, extending from the inside of the C-shape of the duodenum to the spleen.

Produces melatonin, a hormone influenced by darkness.

Located in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone, below the hypothalamus.

Connected to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum.

Produces and secretes 7 hormones.

Secretes hormones made in the hypothalamus (ADH and Oxytocin).

Surrounded by cavernous sinus, optic chiasma, internal carotid artery, sphenoid bone, and sphenoid air sinus.

Largest section of the anterior pituitary.

The main part of the posterior pituitary.

The stalk connecting the pituitary to the hypothalamus.

Accidental removal of parathyroid glands during neck surgery can lead to tetany (muscle spasms) due to low calcium levels.

Paired, yellowish glands located above the kidneys, with an outer cortex and inner medulla.

The suprarenal glands receive blood from superior, middle, and inferior suprarenal arteries originating from different major arteries.

Suprarenal veins drain into either the renal vein (left) or inferior vena cava (right).

Suprarenal glands' lymphatic drainage goes to lateral lumbar nodes.