Endocrine System Quiz

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What is the primary function of endocrine glands in the body?

To produce and secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

What are the two main categories of hormones secreted by endocrine glands?

Proteins and steroids.

How do hormones interact with specific cells in the body?

Hormones bind to specific receptor sites on the surface of cells, triggering a response.

What is the role of the hypothalamus in hormone regulation?

The hypothalamus reacts to external and internal stimuli by secreting hormones from neurons. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the negative feedback mechanism in hormone regulation?

To maintain the state of balance in the body and regulate hormone secretion. Signup and view all the answers

How do hormones regulate metabolic processes, despite being present in very small amounts?

Hormones can have tremendous effects on metabolic processes due to their high potency. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the slightly oily surfactant in the alveoli?

Prevents the alveolar walls from collapsing and sticking together Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

It contracts and moves down Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of the pathway of the respiratory system?

Nose or mouth > Pharynx > Larynx > Trachea > Bronchi > Bronchioles > Alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen in the lungs during gas exchange?

It diffuses into the bloodstream and binds to hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

How is carbon dioxide transported in the bloodstream?

Some dissolves in plasma and forms bicarbonate ions, while some binds to hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What do cells use oxygen for?

Cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pressure and volume in the lungs according to Boyle's Law?

Inversely proportional, meaning when the pressure gets higher, the volume gets lower, and vice versa. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the intercostal muscle in the breathing mechanism?

It connects the lungs and rib cage. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of circulatory systems in animals?

Open and Closed systems. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Oxygenated and Deoxygenated blood?

Oxygenated blood is red, while Deoxygenated blood is dark red. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Open and Closed circulatory systems?

In Open systems, the fluid (hemolymph) is circulated through an open body chamber, while in Closed systems, the fluid (blood) is circulated through blood vessels. Signup and view all the answers

Why does an Open circulatory system limit body size?

Because it is less efficient in moving oxygen to body tissues. Signup and view all the answers