18 Questions
What is the primary function of endocrine glands in the body?
To produce and secrete hormones into the bloodstream.
What are the two main categories of hormones secreted by endocrine glands?
Proteins and steroids.
How do hormones interact with specific cells in the body?
Hormones bind to specific receptor sites on the surface of cells, triggering a response.
What is the role of the hypothalamus in hormone regulation?
The hypothalamus reacts to external and internal stimuli by secreting hormones from neurons.
What is the purpose of the negative feedback mechanism in hormone regulation?
To maintain the state of balance in the body and regulate hormone secretion.
How do hormones regulate metabolic processes, despite being present in very small amounts?
Hormones can have tremendous effects on metabolic processes due to their high potency.
What is the role of the slightly oily surfactant in the alveoli?
Prevents the alveolar walls from collapsing and sticking together
What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?
It contracts and moves down
What is the sequence of the pathway of the respiratory system?
Nose or mouth > Pharynx > Larynx > Trachea > Bronchi > Bronchioles > Alveoli
What happens to oxygen in the lungs during gas exchange?
It diffuses into the bloodstream and binds to hemoglobin
How is carbon dioxide transported in the bloodstream?
Some dissolves in plasma and forms bicarbonate ions, while some binds to hemoglobin
What do cells use oxygen for?
Cellular respiration
What is the relationship between pressure and volume in the lungs according to Boyle's Law?
Inversely proportional, meaning when the pressure gets higher, the volume gets lower, and vice versa.
What is the function of the intercostal muscle in the breathing mechanism?
It connects the lungs and rib cage.
What are the two types of circulatory systems in animals?
Open and Closed systems.
What is the difference between Oxygenated and Deoxygenated blood?
Oxygenated blood is red, while Deoxygenated blood is dark red.
What is the main difference between Open and Closed circulatory systems?
In Open systems, the fluid (hemolymph) is circulated through an open body chamber, while in Closed systems, the fluid (blood) is circulated through blood vessels.
Why does an Open circulatory system limit body size?
Because it is less efficient in moving oxygen to body tissues.
Test your knowledge of the endocrine system, its glands, and the role of hormones in controlling bodily activities. Learn about the types of hormones and how they work.
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