Endocrine System Quiz

False (B)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones into the bloodstream.

<p>hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human Growth Hormone (hGH) = Bones, muscles, and other organs Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) = Thyroid gland Prolactin (PRL) = Breasts Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) = Ovaries and testes Luteinizing Hormone (LH) = Ovaries and testes Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Adrenal cortex Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) = Melanocytes in skin and hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hormone output reverses the initial stimulus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The posterior pituitary gland does not produce hormones, but rather stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus, namely antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>adenohypophysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical stimulus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulates the growth of bones, muscle, and other organs by promoting protein synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>dwarfism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ADH = Promotes reabsorption of water by kidney tubules and targets sweat glands to minimize water loss Oxytocin = Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk ejection during breastfeeding hGH = Stimulates growth of bones, muscle, and other organs by promoting protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocrine system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To secrete hormones into the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>chemical composition and volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exocrine glands = Secrete products into ducts Endocrine glands = Secrete hormones into the blood Sweat glands = Example of exocrine glands Pituitary gland = Example of endocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produce neurotransmitters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormones are secreted into the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reabsorption of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>uterus, breasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes insipidus = Insufficient ADH Acromegaly = Excessive hGH in adulthood Giantism = Excessive hGH in childhood Dwarfism = Lack of hGH in childhood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxytocin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive water loss in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thymus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulin = Protein Glucocorticoids = Steroid Thyroid hormones = Steroid Adrenalin = Protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenaline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts as a second messenger that brings about the action of the hormone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hormonal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steroid hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nervous system uses nerve impulses and neurotransmitters to control body activities. This results in rapid, localized effects like muscle contractions or glandular secretions.

The endocrine system regulates body activities by releasing hormones into the bloodstream. This leads to slower, but longer-lasting and more widespread effects.

The nervous system can both stimulate and inhibit the release of hormones from glands.

Hormones can influence the generation of nerve impulses, affecting how the nervous system works.

Exocrine glands release their secretions through ducts, which transport them directly to the target site.

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, which then carries them to target tissues.

Hormones regulate a wide range of bodily functions, including chemical composition, metabolism, and energy balance.

Hormones are chemical messengers that are produced by glands and travel through the bloodstream to specific target cells and tissues where they exert their effects.

Chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands that regulate various bodily functions.

The process of releasing hormones into the bloodstream.

Cells with specific receptors for a hormone.

The mechanism by which a hormone influences its target cells.

Hormones derived from lipids (fats), including sex hormones and those from the adrenal cortex.

The initial hormone that binds to a receptor on the cell surface, triggering a chain reaction.

A molecule, such as cAMP, that relays a signal within a cell after a hormone binds to its receptor.

Nervous system stimulation triggers hormone release.

Changes in blood composition or concentration of certain substances stimulate hormone release.

Stimulus where one hormone triggers the release of another hormone.

A regulatory system where the hormone output reverses a particular stimulus, preventing excessive change.

A regulatory system where the hormone output reinforces and encourages the stimulus, leading to an amplified effect.

A brain region that acts as the major link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

A gland attached to the hypothalamus that regulates growth, development, metabolism, and homeostasis.

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, responsible for producing and releasing various hormones.

The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, storing and releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Hormones produced by the hypothalamus that regulate the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary.

Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete substances through ducts.

Hormones released by the pituitary gland stimulate the growth of bones, muscles, and organs by promoting protein synthesis.

Insufficient production of hGH during childhood leads to a condition characterized by abnormally short stature.

Excessive production of hGH during adulthood causes enlargement of bones in hands, feet, and face.

ADH, also known as vasopressin, promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, regulating water balance in the body.

MSH (Melanocyte-stimulating hormone) is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. It plays a role in pigmentation, appetite regulation, and sexual arousal.

Negative feedback regulation in hormone secretion occurs when the increased level of a hormone inhibits the production of more of that hormone.

Dwarfism is a condition caused by insufficient growth hormone (hGH) production during childhood, resulting in short stature.

Giantism is a condition caused by excessive growth hormone (hGH) production during childhood, leading to abnormally tall stature.

Acromegaly is a condition caused by excessive growth hormone (hGH) production during adulthood, leading to abnormal bone growth, particularly in the hands, feet, and face.

The posterior pituitary gland, also known as the neurohypophysis, stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus. It plays a crucial role in regulating water balance and uterine contractions.

Oxytocin is a hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland. It stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and promotes milk ejection.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), also known as Vasopressin, is a hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland. It regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys and helps maintain blood pressure.