CH 7: Endocrine System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

  • Controlling body temperature
  • Producing enzymes for digestion
  • Regulating various bodily functions through chemical coordination (correct)
  • Secreting substances through ducts

Which glands release their products directly into the bloodstream?

  • Pancreatic glands
  • Salivary glands
  • Sweat glands
  • Thyroid glands (correct)

What distinguishes endocrine glands from exocrine glands?

  • Exocrine glands release products directly into the bloodstream
  • Exocrine glands regulate growth and development
  • Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream without ducts (correct)
  • Endocrine glands secrete substances externally

Which gland is an example of an exocrine gland?

<p>Pancreatic gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hormones in the body?

<p>Regulating physiological activities and maintaining homeostasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system releases substances locally rather than systemically?

<p>Exocrine system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

<p>Mode of secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is responsible for producing adrenaline, aldosterone, and cortisol?

<p>Adrenal glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?

<p>Regulate blood glucose levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is crucial for regulating metabolism, growth, and energy production in the body?

<p>Thyroxine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of estrogen and progesterone produced by the ovaries?

<p>Regulate female reproductive cycles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is known as the 'key regulatory center' linking the nervous and endocrine systems?

<p>Hypothalamus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands?

<p>Reduces inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process are hormones involved in that includes growth, metabolism, reproduction, and water balance?

<p>Homeostasis regulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland?

<p>Controlling growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver?

<p>Glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the thyroid gland located in the body?

<p>In the neck (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream?

<p>Endocrine glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the mode of secretion for exocrine glands?

<p>Using ducts to release products externally or into body cavities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do endocrine glands differ from exocrine glands regarding their presence of ducts?

<p>Exocrine glands have ducts, while endocrine glands are ductless (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the primary function of hormones from the role of enzymes in the body?

<p>Hormones mainly regulate physiological activities, while enzymes control metabolic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does adrenaline have on the body in terms of blood glucose levels?

<p>Adrenaline raises blood glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system's effects are more localized rather than systemic?

<p>Endocrine system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do hormones differ from neurotransmitters in terms of signal transmission?

<p>Hormones mainly affect intracellular processes, while neurotransmitters act at cell surfaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do hormones secreted by endocrine glands require the bloodstream for transport?

<p>To ensure immediate and specific targeting of distant organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature that distinguishes hormone regulation in maintaining homeostasis from enzyme regulation?

<p>Hormones regulate whole-body responses, while enzymes catalyze specific biochemical reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the function of exocrine gland secretions from endocrine gland secretions in terms of their target locations?

<p>Exocrine gland secretions target nearby cells, while endocrine gland secretions target distant organs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of adrenaline produced by the adrenal glands?

<p>Increasing heart rate and sugar metabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake?

<p>Insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of aldosterone produced by the adrenal glands?

<p>Regulating sodium and potassium balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are oestrogen and progesterone produced in the body, regulating female reproductive cycles?

<p>Ovaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland in the body is pivotal in maintaining homeostasis by regulating various bodily functions through feedback mechanisms?

<p>Hypothalamus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland?

<p>Controlling growth and metabolic rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone influences nearly every cell in the body and is crucial for normal development and health?

<p>Thyroxine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver?

<p>Glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland plays a significant role in regulating sodium and potassium balance, thereby affecting blood pressure and fluid balance?

<p>Adrenal gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone influences male reproductive tissue development, sperm production, and secondary sexual characteristics?

<p>Testosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is pivotal for regulating body temperature, hydration, and metabolic rate through feedback mechanisms?

<p>Thyroid gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stress hormone that influences glucose metabolism and helps with stress response?

<p>Cortisol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is crucial for regulating blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake?

<p>Insulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the Islets of Langerhans located?

<p>Pancreas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones controls growth, metabolic rate, and reproductive functions in the body?

<p>Growth hormone (GH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is NOT true regarding endocrine glands?

<p>They include glands like sweat and salivary glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the mode of secretion between endocrine and exocrine glands?

<p>Exocrine glands secrete products through ducts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone plays a key role in regulating metabolism and growth?

<p>Cortisol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?

<p>Produce insulin and glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the distinction between endocrine and exocrine gland secretions?

<p>Endocrine gland secretions have systemic effects, while exocrine gland secretions have local effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is known for lowering blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen storage?

<p>Insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary roles of exocrine glands?

<p>Secreting products through ducts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of adrenaline produced by the adrenal glands?

<p>Controlling blood glucose levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental characteristic distinguishes endocrine glands from exocrine glands?

<p>Mode of secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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