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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the endocrine glands?
What is the primary function of the thyroid gland?
What is the name of the hormone secreted by the pineal gland?
What is the name of the 'master gland' of the body?
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What is the function of the hormones secreted by the pancreatic islets?
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What is the name of the hormone produced by the adrenal gland that helps regulate response to stress?
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Study Notes
Endocrine System
- Composed of glands that synthesize and secrete hormones directly into the blood without using a duct.
- Hormones are transported throughout the body, influencing only cells with receptors for that hormone.
Endocrine Glands
- Secrete hormones into the blood, which are then transported to other tissues.
Major Endocrine Glands
Pituitary Gland
- Located at the interface between the brain and the rest of the body.
- Produces numerous hormones affecting various aspects of physiology.
- Often called the "master gland" due to its regulation of other endocrine glands and direct effects on target tissues.
Thyroid Gland
- Secrete hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
- Influences metabolic rate, protein synthesis, and calcium metabolism.
Adrenal Glands
- Produce hormones regulating metabolism, blood pressure, response to stress, and other essential functions.
- Include adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol.
Pineal Gland
- Secrete melatonin, which modulates sleep patterns.
Pancreatic Islets (Islets of Langerhans)
- 'Islands' of endocrine cells located within the pancreas.
- Secrete hormones insulin and glucagon, important in regulating glucose in blood.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of the endocrine system, including its glands, hormones, and how they are transported throughout the body.
