Endocrine System Hormones Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary action of glucagon in the body?

  • Facilitate the uptake of amino acids
  • Increase blood glucose levels (correct)
  • Decrease blood glucose levels
  • Speed up fat synthesis

    • Insulin promotes glycogenolysis to lower blood glucose levels.

    False

    What triggers the release of insulin?

    High blood glucose levels

    Glycogen is converted into glucose through the process of ______.

    <p>glycogenolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following actions with their corresponding hormones:

    <p>Glycogenesis = Insulin Gluconeogenesis = Glucagon Lipogenesis = Insulin Glycogenolysis = Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of glucagon in the body?

    <p>Low blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin promotes the storage of lipids and amino acids, showing its anabolic effects.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of insulin on blood glucose levels?

    <p>Decreased blood glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucagon stimulates the liver to release glucose through _______ and gluconeogenesis.

    <p>glycogenolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following actions with the corresponding hormone:

    <p>Glucagon = Stimulates gluconeogenesis Insulin = Promotes lipid storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by alpha cells in the pancreas?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pancreas functions exclusively as an endocrine organ.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pancreas?

    <p>Secreting digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin and glucagon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pancreas contains __________ cells that produce insulin.

    <p>beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pancreatic cell types with their functions:

    <p>Alpha cells = Produce glucagon Beta cells = Produce insulin Islets of Langerhans = Endocrine function Exocrine cells = Secrete digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies the locations of the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Behind the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The parathyroid glands are located in the anterior part of the neck.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many parathyroid glands are present in the human neck?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The right inferior parathyroid gland is located __________ to the thyroid gland.

    <p>inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the parathyroid glands to their positions:

    <p>Right superior = 1 Left superior = 2 Right inferior = 3 Left inferior = 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is released by parafollicular cells when calcium levels are high?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    PTH decreases blood calcium levels by promoting the breakdown of bone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does calcitriol play in calcium regulation?

    <p>Increases absorption of calcium from food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity is called __________.

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the hormone with its primary effect on calcium levels:

    <p>PTH = Increases blood calcium levels Calcitonin = Decreases blood calcium levels Calcitriol = Enhances calcium absorption None = No effect on calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Increase blood $Ca^{2+}$ levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parathyroid hormone (PTH) decreases the activity of osteoclasts.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one way in which parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium levels.

    <p>Increases the number and activity of osteoclasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parathyroid hormone (PTH) promotes the production of __________, which aids in the absorption of calcium.

    <p>calcitriol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) to their descriptions:

    <p>Increases osteoclast activity = Breaks down bone to release calcium Slows loss of calcium in urine = Reduces calcium excretion from the body Promotes calcitriol production = Increases gastrointestinal absorption of calcium Decreases phosphate in blood = Increases phosphate excretion in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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