30 Questions
What is the main function of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) in vertebrates?
Protect the body from harm by controlling reflex actions
Which part of the vertebrate nervous system includes nerves originating from peripheral nerves and spinal nerves?
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
What specialized tissues are responsible for providing control and coordination in animals?
Neurons, Nerves and Nervous organs
In the context of the nervous system, what is the function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
Comprise the Brain & Spinal cord
What is the role of the nervous system in regulating voluntary muscular activities?
Coordinate activities of different body organs
Which system consists of conducting tissues that receive stimuli and transmit them to other parts of the body in living organisms?
Nervous System
What is the main function of a receptor in the nervous system?
Detect particular stimulus and initiate the transmission of impulse via sensory nerves
What is the unit of the nervous system responsible for transmitting nerve impulses?
Neurons
Why do neurons not divide after their formation?
Because they lack centrioles and are long in length
What is the role of synapses in the nervous system?
To transmit impulses between neurons
How is a nerve impulse defined?
An electrical signal passing through neurons
Who is credited with discovering synapses?
Sir Charles Sherington
What is the main function of the 3F hormone mentioned in the text?
Prepare for fight, flight, or fright response
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the uterine lining for embryo implantation?
Estrogen
In plants, which type of movement is dependent on growth, such as the movement of tendrils in climber plants?
Growth-based movement
How do plants respond to external stimuli according to the text?
By changing cell shape through water regulation
Which hormone secretion helps regulate blood calcium levels when they are decreased?
Parathormone
What is the main role of progesterone and estrogen mentioned in the text?
Maintain pregnancy and prepare for lactation
Which plant growth regulator is responsible for preventing premature leaf fall?
Ethylene
What is the main function of Abscisic Acid (ABA) among the plant growth regulators mentioned?
Promotes seed dormancy
Which plant growth regulator reverses the growth-promoting effects of Auxin and Gibberellins?
Gibberellins
Among the regulators, which one specifically stimulates cell division and lateral branching?
Cytokinin
Which plant growth regulator is responsible for promoting the elongation of roots and stems but causes lateral expansion?
Ethylene
What is the primary function of Gibberellins described in the text?
Breaks genetic dwarfism
What is the term for the directional growth or movement of a plant organ in response to external stimuli?
Tropic movement
Which type of tropism is characterized by the movement of a plant part in response to light?
Phototropism
In which direction does geotropism cause growth in plants?
Upward or downward in response to gravity
What is the term for the growth of a part of a plant in response to a chemical stimulus?
Chemotropism
Which group of plant hormones are synthesized at the shoot tip of the plant body?
Auxin
How do plant hormones help in the growth, development, and response to the environment?
They coordinate growth, development, and environmental responses
Study Notes
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
- The main function of the ANS is to regulate involuntary actions, such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion.
Nervous System
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes nerves originating from peripheral nerves and spinal nerves.
- The nervous system consists of specialized tissues responsible for providing control and coordination in animals.
- The Central Nervous System (CNS) integrates and processes information from sensory receptors and sends responses to effector organs.
- The nervous system regulates voluntary muscular activities through the CNS.
Nerve Impulses
- The unit of the nervous system responsible for transmitting nerve impulses is the neuron.
- Neurons do not divide after their formation.
- The role of synapses is to facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses between neurons.
- A nerve impulse is a wave of electrical activity that travels along the length of a neuron.
Hormones
- The 3F hormone (not specified in the text) has a main function that is not mentioned.
- Progesterone is responsible for stimulating the uterine lining for embryo implantation.
Plant Growth and Movement
- Plants respond to external stimuli through growth, movement, or tropism.
- Tendrils in climber plants exhibit tropistic movement dependent on growth.
- Hormone secretion helps regulate blood calcium levels when they are decreased.
- Progesterone and estrogen have a main role in regulating the female reproductive cycle.
- Abscisic Acid (ABA) is responsible for preventing premature leaf fall.
- Ethylene reverses the growth-promoting effects of Auxin and Gibberellins.
- Auxin stimulates cell division and lateral branching.
- Gibberellins promote the elongation of roots and stems but cause lateral expansion.
- Tropism is the directional growth or movement of a plant organ in response to external stimuli.
- Phototropism is characterized by the movement of a plant part in response to light.
- Geotropism causes growth in plants in the direction of gravity.
- Chemotropism is the growth of a part of a plant in response to a chemical stimulus.
- Auxins are synthesized at the shoot tip of the plant body.
- Plant hormones help in growth, development, and response to the environment.
Test your knowledge on hormones of the endocrine system including adrenaline, parathyroid hormone, thymosin, progesterone, and estrogen. Explore their functions and effects like accelerating heart rate, increasing oxygen consumption, and preparing the body for stress responses.
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