Endocrine System Functions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of glucocorticoids?

Enhancing the secretion of adrenaline

Controlling the reabsorption of salt in the kidneys

Promoting the development of sexual characteristics

Regulating food metabolism and inflammatory responses (correct)

Which of the following is a function of mineralocorticoids?

Increasing the number of white blood cells

Enhancing muscle development

Controlling water balance and salt excretion (correct)

Inducing gastric secretion

What is the role of sex hormones secreted by the adrenal gland?

To regulate muscle and bone development, and sexual characteristics (correct)

To manage electrolyte balance

To control blood sugar levels

To increase heart rate during stress

How does adrenaline affect the body?

Increases heart rate and induces a fight or flight response Signup and view all the answers

What is adrenal virilism and what causes it?

Excess dehydroepiandrosterone in women leading to facial hair growth Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Adrenaline and noradrenaline Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the secretion of adrenaline?

States of anger, fear, and mental stress Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of noradrenaline on the heart?

Increases excitability and contractibility of heart muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Thyroxine in the body?

Accelerates the speed of cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is caused by a deficiency of Thyroxine in children?

Cretinism Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the thyroid gland in cases of Goitre?

It increases in size Signup and view all the answers

How does parathyroid hormone affect calcium levels in the blood?

It releases calcium from the bones into the blood Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released when there is an excess of calcium in the blood?

Calcitonin Signup and view all the answers

What condition occurs due to the deficiency of Thyroxine after puberty?

Myxedema Signup and view all the answers

What role does Calcitonin play in the body?

Lowers blood calcium levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Exophthalmic goitre?

Eyes swelling and protruding from the eye socket Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland?

Controls body growth, especially bones Signup and view all the answers

What condition can result from an excess of growth hormone in adulthood?

Gigantism or acromegaly Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thyrotropic hormone (TSH)?

Stimulates functions of the thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating spermatogenesis in males?

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key effect of vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Reabsorbs water in the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of oxytocin in childbirth?

Contractions of the uterus during labor Signup and view all the answers

What effect does luteinizing hormone (LH) have on females?

Induces ovulation Signup and view all the answers

What condition results from a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Diabetes insipidus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biology Study Notes

Biology is the study of life and living organisms.
It encompasses a vast range of topics, including the structure, function, growth, evolution, and distribution of living things.
Key areas of study often include:
- Cell biology: Focuses on the structure and function of cells, the basic units of life.
- Genetics: Investigates heredity and the variation of traits.
- Ecology: Studies the interactions between organisms and their environment.
- Evolution: Explores the history of life and how organisms have changed over time.
Understanding biological processes, like photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and the human digestive system, are important.
Diverse branches within biology include:
- Botany (plant biology)
- Zoology (animal biology)
- Microbiology (study of microorganisms)
There is an interconnectedness of all living systems.

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Description

This quiz explores the various functions and roles of hormones produced by the adrenal glands, thyroid, and pituitary gland. Test your knowledge on glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and other key hormones, including their effects on the body and associated conditions. Perfect for students studying human biology or health sciences!