Endocrine System Control and Regulation

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What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

To alter cell activity by regulating normal cellular processes (correct)
To regulate muscle contractions
To transmit nerve impulses throughout the body
To control the body's response to stress

What is the result of negative feedback mechanisms in the body?

An increase in body temperature
A decrease in blood pressure
A state of homeostasis is maintained (correct)
A continuous increase in hormone production

What is the role of insulin in the body?

To regulate blood pressure
To increase blood glucose levels
To decrease blood glucose levels (correct)
To stimulate the fight or flight response

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?

The regulation of blood glucose levels by insulin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of antagonistic hormones in the body?

To maintain homeostasis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pancreas in regulating blood glucose levels?

To release insulin to decrease blood glucose levels (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aldosterone on the kidneys?

It increases sodium and water retention (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) hormone?

Production of red blood cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high altitude training on erythropoietin production?

It naturally stimulates EPO production (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the main functions of testosterone in both males and females?

Maintaining muscle tone, volume and strength, and increasing basal metabolic rate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to testosterone levels in females compared to males?

Females have about 1/10 the amount of testosterone as males (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of exercise on testosterone levels?

Exercise increases testosterone levels for a short period of time (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of oxytocin in childbirth?

To stimulate and enhance labor contractions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?

To act as the link between the endocrine and nervous systems (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is often referred to as the 'Master Gland' of the body?

Pituitary gland (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

To regulate the fluid volume in the body (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?

To secrete hormones that stimulate other glands (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of positive feedback mechanisms?

They control events that can be out of control (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two hormones produced by the pancreas that regulate blood sugar levels?

Insulin and glucagon (A) Signup and view all the answers

During which state is the secretion of insulin increased?

Absorptive state (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glucagon?

To break down glycogen into glucose (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of abnormal insulin and glucagon regulation?

Diabetes mellitus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the target tissue of insulin?

Liver and skeletal muscle (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source obtained by the degradation of carbohydrates and lipids during exercise?

ATP (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol?

Lipase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sweating during exercise?

To regulate body temperature (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to urine flow during exercise?

It decreases to conserve water (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consume water before feeling thirsty during exercise?

Because thirst is a reactive mechanism that kicks in when we are already experiencing dehydration (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to electrolyte concentration during exercise?

It increases due to water loss (A) Signup and view all the answers

How much water content can individuals lose during high-intensity, long-duration exercise, such as a marathon?

Up to 6-10% of water content (D) Signup and view all the answers