16 Questions
Where is the hypothalamus located in the brain?
Inferior to the thalamus
Which gland is considered as the 'Maestro Gland' because it releases various hormones that control all the major endocrine glands of the body?
Pituitary gland
What type of cells release their products, called hormones, directly into the circulation without passing through ducts?
Endocrine cells
Which gland is part of the diencephalon of the brain and serves as a major link between the nervous and endocrine systems?
Hypothalamus
Which part of the pituitary gland releases various hormones that control all the major endocrine glands of the body?
Adenohypophysis (Anterior Pituitary)
Where is the pituitary gland located?
In the sphenoid bone
Which arteries form a primary capillary network irrigating the stalk of the pituitary gland?
Superior hypophyseal arteries
What is the main function of the hypophyseal portal system?
To transport hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland
Where are the cell bodies of neurons that synthesize hormones for the posterior pituitary located?
In the hypothalamus
What hormones are synthesized and released by the anterior pituitary gland?
Growth Hormone (GH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
What is the main function of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) released by the posterior pituitary?
Regulation of water balance by reducing urine production
Which vessels supply the thyroid gland with blood?
Superior and inferior thyroid arteries
What is the function of the superior hypophyseal arteries in relation to the pituitary gland?
To provide blood mainly for the neurohypophysis
Where are the hormones made by neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus transported to?
To the anterior pituitary via the hypophyseal portal system
What structures line the thyroid follicles?
Follicular cells
What happens when hormones stored in the posterior pituitary need to be released into the blood?
They're released from nerve endings into blood
This quiz covers the concept of endocrine glands and their function in the human body. It discusses the release of hormones into the circulation and the important endocrine glands including pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands, among others.
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