Endocrine Anatomy and Functions Quiz
43 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which arterial supply is primarily responsible for delivering blood to the upper pole of the thyroid gland?

  • Superior thyroid artery (correct)
  • Internal carotid artery
  • Inferior thyroid artery
  • External jugular vein

    • What is the primary function of glucagon in the pancreas?

  • Lower blood sugar levels
  • Promote cell growth
  • Inhibit hormone release
  • Raise blood sugar levels (correct)

    • The pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland typically extends towards which anatomical structure?

  • The larynx
  • The hyoid bone (correct)
  • The carotid artery
  • The trachea

    • Which hormone is responsible for inhibiting both insulin and glucagon release?

    <p>Somatostatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inferior thyroid artery primarily supplies which part of the thyroid gland?

    <p>Back of the gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is NOT mentioned as a medial relation of the thyroid gland?

    <p>Aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Of the following, which cell type is primarily responsible for the production of insulin?

    <p>Beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue structure surrounds the thyroid gland and is derived from the pretracheal fascia?

    <p>False capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the primary anatomical features of the parathyroid glands?

    <p>They are located superiorly to the thyroid gland and consist of four glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of the suprarenal glands?

    <p>Secreting stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of calcium levels in the blood, secreted by the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the vascular supply to endocrine organs?

    <p>Endocrine organs are generally supplied by a rich arterial network ensuring hormone delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an endocrine gland from an exocrine gland in terms of the secretion process?

    <p>Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, whereas exocrine glands use ducts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Maintenance of calcium homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies blood to the suprarenal glands?

    <p>Suprarenal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is primarily regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the location of the parathyroid glands?

    <p>On the surface of the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessels are involved in draining blood from the pituitary gland?

    <p>Superior and inferior hypophyseal veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the hormones produced by the suprarenal cortex?

    <p>Controlling metabolism and immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily responsible for synthesizing and releasing melatonin?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary blood supply to the pancreas?

    <p>Celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal veins play in the endocrine system?

    <p>Carrying hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of the inadvertent removal of the parathyroid glands during surgery?

    <p>Decreased serum calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries primarily supply blood to the suprarenal glands?

    <p>Superior suprarenal arteries from the inferior phrenic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature separates the suprarenal glands from the kidneys?

    <p>Thin septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the left suprarenal vein drain?

    <p>Renal vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the innervation of the suprarenal glands?

    <p>Coeliac plexus and greater thoracic splanchnic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following glands is also known as the adrenal gland?

    <p>Suprarenal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Control calcium levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure surrounds the suprarenal glands?

    <p>Perinephric fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely outcome of surgical trauma to the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Hypocalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymphatic nodes are responsible for draining the suprarenal glands?

    <p>Paraaortic lumbar nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary venous drainage pathway for the inferior thyroid veins?

    <p>Brachiocephalic veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure lies posterior to the thyroid gland?

    <p>Parathyroid glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branches primarily supply blood to the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Inferior thyroid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the superior parathyroid gland typically locate in relation to the inferior thyroid artery?

    <p>Superior and dorsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of innervation primarily supplies the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Cervical sympathetic ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following veins is NOT involved in the venous drainage of the parathyroid glands?

    <p>Pulmonary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which location can the inferior parathyroid glands be found?

    <p>Within the thyroid substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sensory information do the parathyroid glands primarily detect?

    <p>Stretch sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following arteries may supply blood to the parathyroid glands aside from the inferior thyroid artery?

    <p>Laryngeal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inferior thyroid veins drain to which major vein type?

    <p>Brachiocephalic veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Thyroid Anatomy and Development
    14 questions

    Thyroid Anatomy and Development

    FieryMercury avatar
    FieryMercury
    Anatomy of the Neck: Thyroid Gland and Surrounding Structures
    30 questions

    Anatomy of the Neck: Thyroid Gland and Surrounding Structures

    StrongestCotangent avatar
    StrongestCotangent
    Thyroid Anatomy and Physiology
    60 questions

    Thyroid Anatomy and Physiology

    InnocuousSilver3002 avatar
    InnocuousSilver3002
    Thyroid Gland Anatomy and Hormones
    16 questions

    Thyroid Gland Anatomy and Hormones

    BeneficialMusicalSaw avatar
    BeneficialMusicalSaw
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser