Questions and Answers
What is the class of Enalapril?
What is the mechanism of action of Enalapril?
A potent competitive inhibitor of ACE, responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
What are the indications for using Enalapril?
Used in the treatment of hypertension and to improve hemodynamics in patients with CHF or acute pulmonary edema.
What are the contraindications for Enalapril?
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Which of the following are adverse reactions or side effects of Enalapril? (Select all that apply)
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What should be monitored when using Enalapril with other medications?
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What is the supply format of Enalapril?
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What is the recommended adult dose of Enalapril?
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What is the pediatric dose recommendation for Enalapril?
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What is the duration of action for Enalapril?
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What are special considerations when prescribing Enalapril?
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Study Notes
Enalapril Overview
- Enalapril is classified as an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
- It is commonly used to manage hypertension and improve symptoms in congestive heart failure (CHF).
Mechanism of Action
- Functions as a competitive inhibitor of ACE, blocking the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII).
- ATII is vital in regulating blood pressure and plays a critical role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
Indications
- Effective in treating hypertension, either alone or paired with other medications.
- Enhances hemodynamics in patients experiencing CHF or acute pulmonary edema.
Contraindications
- Should not be used in patients with hypotension or known sensitivity to ACE inhibitors.
- Avoid in individuals with a history of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor treatments.
- Contraindicated for patients with hereditary or idiopathic angioedema.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
- Potential for angioedema at any point during treatment.
- Other side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, vertigo, and weakness.
- Respiratory issues such as cough and dyspnea may occur, along with hypotension, chest pain, edema, tachycardia, taste disturbances, nausea, and vomiting.
Drug Interactions
- Risk of excessive hypotension when used with other antihypertensive agents or diuretics.
Supply Information
- Available in vials containing 1.25 mg per mL.
Dosage Information
- Adult dosage: 1.25 mg administered slowly via IV push over 5 minutes.
- Pediatric use is contraindicated.
Duration of Action
- Onset of action occurs within 15 minutes.
- Peak effect is reached between 1 to 4 hours.
- The duration of action lasts approximately 4 to 6 hours.
Special Considerations
- Classified as pregnancy category D, indicating potential risks to the fetus.
- Use caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, hypovolemia, or hyponatremia, especially those on concurrent diuretic therapy.
- African-American patients may require additional medication as ACE inhibitors tend to be less effective as monotherapy in this population.
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Description
This quiz covers the important aspects of Enalapril, focusing on its classification as an ACE inhibitor, mechanism of action, indications, contraindications, and potential side effects. Test your understanding of how Enalapril functions in managing hypertension and heart failure.
