8 Questions
What is the primary purpose of the lime softener mentioned in the text?
To convert hardness to soluble compounds for boiler feed
What happens if the Steam to Oil Ratio (SOR) at a plant becomes too high?
The plant will discontinue operation
Why do SAGD and CSS facilities prefer using brackish water over fresh makeup water?
Fresh water is unsuitable due to environmental regulations
What is the consequence of failing to comply with environmental restrictions as per the text?
Harsh penalties and potential shutdown
What is the acceptable range of Steam to Oil Ratios (SOR) for SAGD and CSS facilities?
$1.0$ to $2.0$
What is the significance of zero ppm hardness in boiler feedwater?
It ensures there won't be scale precipitation in the boilers
Why are effluent streams closely monitored by governmental regulatory bodies?
To ensure compliance with environmental emission standards
What percentage of steam injected down-hole is usually recovered and reused by SAGD and CSS facilities?
$85%$ or more
Learn about the process of separating emulsions in oil and gas production, including the use of heat exchangers, knockout vessels, and demulsifier chemicals. Discover how free water is separated from bitumen and emulsion during this process.
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